ASPD ASPD Neurobiological and Genetic Factors 3

Question 1

What does elevated testosterone combined with low cortisol predict in research on antisocial populations?

Accepted Answer

Increased dominance-motivated aggression and reduced stress reactivity

Answer

High testosterone plus low cortisol creates a hormonal profile associated with dominance-seeking, reduced stress inhibition, and heightened aggressive behavior in antisocial individuals.

Question 2

Functional MRI studies show that individuals with ASPD have reduced activation in which area when viewing others in pain?

Accepted Answer

Anterior insula and anterior cingulate cortex

Answer

Reduced activation in the anterior insula and anterior cingulate cortex when observing pain in others reflects the empathy deficit that is central to ASPD's callousness.

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the role of the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) in ASPD?

Accepted Answer

It is underactive, contributing to impaired punishment sensitivity

Answer

Underactivity of the OFC in ASPD impairs the ability to integrate emotional signals with decision-making, resulting in poor punishment-based learning.

Question 4

The P300 event-related potential (ERP) component, which is reduced in ASPD, is associated with deficits in what?

Accepted Answer

Attentional context updating and inhibitory control

Answer

Reduced P300 amplitude in ASPD indicates impaired attentional context updating, reflecting difficulties in processing novel or significant stimuli that require behavioral adjustment.

Question 5

What does research on epigenetics suggest about ASPD development?

Accepted Answer

Early trauma can alter gene expression (methylation) that increases ASPD risk

Answer

Epigenetic research shows that early adverse experiences can cause DNA methylation changes that alter stress-response gene expression, increasing vulnerability to ASPD.

(ASPD) Sociopath & Antisocial Personality Disorder Test Practice Test

(ASPD) Sociopath & Antisocial Personality Disorder Test Practice Test

ASPD ASPD Neurobiological and Genetic Factors 3