ASPD ASPD Neurobiological and Genetic Factors 3

Question 1

What does elevated testosterone combined with low cortisol predict in research on antisocial populations?

Accepted Answer

Increased dominance-motivated aggression and reduced stress reactivity

Answer

Reduced aggression and better social functioning

Answer

Higher empathy scores

Answer

Decreased risk-taking

Question 2

Functional MRI studies show that individuals with ASPD have reduced activation in which area when viewing others in pain?

Accepted Answer

Anterior insula and anterior cingulate cortex

Answer

Visual cortex

Answer

Auditory cortex

Answer

Motor cortex

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the role of the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) in ASPD?

Accepted Answer

It is underactive, contributing to impaired punishment sensitivity

Answer

It is hyperactive, causing excessive emotional response

Answer

It shows normal function in all ASPD subtypes

Answer

It controls auditory processing only

Question 4

The P300 event-related potential (ERP) component, which is reduced in ASPD, is associated with deficits in what?

Accepted Answer

Attentional context updating and inhibitory control

Answer

Motor coordination

Answer

Visual acuity

Answer

Auditory processing speed

Question 5

What does research on epigenetics suggest about ASPD development?

Accepted Answer

Early trauma can alter gene expression (methylation) that increases ASPD risk

Answer

ASPD is determined solely by DNA sequence, not gene expression

Answer

Epigenetic changes are irrelevant to personality disorders

Answer

Only postnatal epigenetic changes affect ASPD risk

Question 6

Which autonomic nervous system characteristic distinguishes individuals with ASPD from healthy controls during stressful tasks?

Accepted Answer

Lower heart rate variability (HRV)

Answer

Higher heart rate variability (HRV)

Answer

Identical HRV to controls

Answer

Greater parasympathetic recovery