APC Pharmacology Fundamentals 3

Question 1

At steady state, the rate of drug administration equals:

Accepted Answer

The rate of drug elimination

Answer

Steady state is reached when the rate of drug input equals the rate of elimination, resulting in stable plasma concentrations over time.

Question 2

A drug that exhibits zero-order kinetics is eliminated at a rate that is:

Accepted Answer

Constant regardless of the plasma drug concentration

Answer

Zero-order kinetics means a constant amount of drug is eliminated per unit time, independent of plasma concentration, because elimination pathways are saturated.

Question 3

Which route of administration completely bypasses first-pass hepatic metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Sublingual and intravenous

Answer

Both sublingual and intravenous routes bypass first-pass hepatic metabolism; sublingual via direct absorption into systemic veins, IV by direct entry into circulation.

Question 4

Tachyphylaxis refers to:

Accepted Answer

Rapid development of tolerance upon repeated administration

Answer

Tachyphylaxis is a rapid, short-term decrease in response to a drug following repeated administration, often due to receptor desensitisation or depletion of mediators.

Question 5

The loading dose of a drug is primarily determined by:

Accepted Answer

Volume of distribution and desired target concentration

Answer

The loading dose is calculated as Vd × target concentration, and is used to rapidly achieve therapeutic drug levels.

(APC) Australian Pharmacy Council Practice Test

(APC) Australian Pharmacy Council Practice Test

APC Pharmacology Fundamentals 3