APA Cognitive Psychology

Question 1

What is the capacity of short-term (working) memory according to Miller's classic research?

Accepted Answer

7 ± 2 chunks

Answer

3 ± 1 chunks

Answer

5 ± 1 chunks

Answer

12 ± 2 chunks

Question 2

Which memory system stores general knowledge and facts about the world, independent of personal experience?

Accepted Answer

Semantic memory

Answer

Episodic memory

Answer

Procedural memory

Answer

Working memory

Question 3

The 'availability heuristic' leads people to judge the likelihood of an event based on:

Accepted Answer

How easily examples come to mind

Answer

Statistical base rates

Answer

Logical analysis of probabilities

Answer

Expert opinions

Question 4

Which term describes the inability to form new long-term memories after brain damage?

Accepted Answer

Anterograde amnesia

Answer

Retrograde amnesia

Answer

Proactive interference

Answer

Source amnesia

Question 5

What is 'elaborative rehearsal' and why is it more effective than maintenance rehearsal?

Accepted Answer

Connecting new information to existing knowledge; effective because it creates deeper encoding

Answer

Repetition of information at intervals; effective because of spacing

Answer

Visualizing information; effective because of dual coding

Answer

Repeating information aloud; effective because of auditory processing

Question 6

In signal detection theory, what is a 'hit'?

Accepted Answer

Correctly detecting a stimulus that is actually present

Answer

Correctly rejecting an absent stimulus

Answer

Reporting a stimulus is present when it actually is absent

Answer

Failing to detect a present stimulus