AMCAT Networking and Web Technologies

Question 1

At which layer of the OSI model does a router primarily operate?

Accepted Answer

Network Layer (Layer 3)

Answer

Routers operate at the Network Layer (Layer 3) of the OSI model. They make forwarding decisions based on IP addresses (logical addresses) and determine the best path for data packets to travel across interconnected networks. Switches operate at Layer 2, while firewalls can operate at Layers 3-7.

Question 2

What is the primary purpose of DNS (Domain Name System)?

Accepted Answer

To translate human-readable domain names into IP addresses

Answer

DNS acts as the internet's phone book, translating human-readable domain names (like www.example.com) into numeric IP addresses (like 192.168.1.1) that computers use to identify each other on the network. Without DNS, users would need to remember IP addresses for every website.

Question 3

Which HTTP status code indicates that the requested resource has been permanently moved to a new URL?

Accepted Answer

301 Moved Permanently

Answer

HTTP 301 indicates that the requested resource has been permanently moved to a new URL specified in the Location header. Search engines transfer the old URL's ranking to the new URL. 200 means success, 404 means the resource was not found, and 500 indicates a server error.

Question 4

What is the difference between TCP and UDP?

Accepted Answer

TCP provides reliable, connection-oriented delivery with error checking; UDP provides faster, connectionless delivery without guaranteed delivery

Answer

TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) is connection-oriented, ensures reliable delivery through acknowledgments and retransmissions, and guarantees order. UDP (User Datagram Protocol) is connectionless, does not guarantee delivery or order, but has lower overhead, making it faster for applications like video streaming and gaming.

Question 5

What does the 'same-origin policy' enforce in web browsers?

Accepted Answer

That scripts from one origin cannot access data from a different origin (different domain, protocol, or port)

Answer

The same-origin policy is a critical browser security mechanism that restricts how scripts loaded from one origin (defined by protocol, domain, and port) can interact with resources from another origin. This prevents malicious scripts on one site from accessing sensitive data on another site.

AMCAT Practice Test

AMCAT Practice Test

AMCAT Networking and Web Technologies