ADAT ADAT Biomedical Sciences 3

Question 1

Which organelle is primarily responsible for the post-translational modification and packaging of proteins?

Accepted Answer

Golgi apparatus

Answer

The Golgi apparatus modifies, sorts, and packages proteins for secretion or delivery to organelles.

Question 2

A resting neuron maintains a negative membrane potential primarily due to which mechanism?

Accepted Answer

Na+/K+ ATPase pump activity

Answer

The Na+/K+ ATPase pumps 3 Na+ out and 2 K+ in, helping establish the resting potential.

Question 3

Which of the following bacteria is a primary etiologic agent in the initiation of dental caries?

Accepted Answer

Streptococcus mutans

Answer

Streptococcus mutans produces acid and adheres to enamel, initiating the caries process.

Question 4

Which vitamin is essential for the hydroxylation of proline and lysine in collagen synthesis?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin C

Answer

Vitamin C is a cofactor for prolyl and lysyl hydroxylase, required for stable collagen.

Question 5

Which region of the nephron is the primary site of glucose and amino acid reabsorption?

Accepted Answer

Proximal convoluted tubule

Answer

Most glucose and amino acids are reabsorbed via secondary active transport in the proximal convoluted tubule.

Advanced Dental Admission Test (ADAT) Practice Test