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Musculoskeletal Anatomy Flashcards

7 cards from real ACSM practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

Read the first 7 Musculoskeletal Anatomy flashcards as text

  1. A client presents with winging of the scapula. Which nerve and muscle are most likely involved?

    Answer: Long thoracic nerve and serratus anterior

    Scapular winging is classically caused by weakness or paralysis of the serratus anterior due to long thoracic nerve damage, allowing the medial scapular border to lift off the thorax.

  2. Which bone forms the posterior portion of the hard palate and also contributes to the floor of the orbit?

    Answer: Palatine bone

    The palatine bone contributes to the posterior hard palate and also forms part of the orbital floor, nasal cavity, and pterygopalatine fossa.

  3. During gait, the gluteus medius fires eccentrically during which phase to prevent contralateral pelvic drop?

    Answer: Mid-stance on the weight-bearing limb

    During mid-stance, the gluteus medius of the weight-bearing limb contracts eccentrically to stabilize the pelvis and prevent the swing-side hip from dropping (Trendelenburg sign).

  4. The pes anserinus is a conjoined tendon inserting on the medial tibia. Which three muscles form it?

    Answer: Sartorius, gracilis, and semitendinosus

    The pes anserinus ('goose foot') is formed by the sartorius, gracilis, and semitendinosus tendons converging on the medial proximal tibia.

  5. Which property of bone tissue allows it to resist tensile forces better than compressive forces?

    Answer: Collagen fiber orientation in cortical bone

    The orientation of collagen fibers in cortical bone, aligned along lines of stress, allows bone to resist tensile forces effectively while the mineral phase resists compression.

  6. Which cervical vertebra is called the 'axis' and contains the odontoid process (dens)?

    Answer: C2

    C2 is called the axis and has a unique superior projection called the dens (odontoid process) around which C1 (atlas) rotates to allow head rotation.

  7. The plantar fascia originates on the calcaneal tuberosity and primarily supports which structure during weight-bearing?

    Answer: Medial longitudinal arch

    The plantar fascia acts as a tension band that supports the medial longitudinal arch, becoming taut during toe extension via the windlass mechanism.