Anatomy & Physiology Flashcards
7 cards from real ACSM practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Anatomy & Physiology flashcards as text
Which muscle fiber type has the highest oxidative capacity and is most resistant to fatigue?
Answer: Type I
Type I (slow-twitch) fibers have the highest mitochondrial density and oxidative enzyme activity, making them highly fatigue-resistant.
The brachialis muscle inserts on which bone?
Answer: Coronoid process of ulna
The brachialis inserts on the coronoid process and tuberosity of the ulna, making it the primary elbow flexor.
During maximal exercise, cardiac output increases primarily due to which factor?
Answer: Combined increases in heart rate and stroke volume
Cardiac output rises during maximal exercise through simultaneous increases in both heart rate and stroke volume.
Which structure in the heart initiates the electrical impulse for each heartbeat?
Answer: Sinoatrial node
The sinoatrial (SA) node is the heart's natural pacemaker, spontaneously generating electrical impulses at the highest intrinsic rate.
Which joint action occurs at the hip during the concentric phase of a squat ascent?
Answer: Extension
During squat ascent, the hip moves from a flexed to a more extended position, which is hip extension.
The VO2max of an individual is most accurately determined by which measurement?
Answer: Maximal oxygen consumption during graded exercise
VO2max is defined as the highest rate of oxygen consumption achievable during maximal or exhaustive exercise.
Which nerve innervates the diaphragm?
Answer: Phrenic nerve
The phrenic nerve, originating from cervical spinal levels C3-C5, is the primary motor nerve to the diaphragm.