ACE Exercise Physiology 2

Question 1

Which of the following is the PRIMARY determinant of cardiac output?

Accepted Answer

Heart rate × stroke volume

Answer

Cardiac output (Q) is calculated as heart rate multiplied by stroke volume, representing the total volume of blood pumped by the heart per minute.

Question 2

During aerobic exercise, which muscle fiber type is recruited FIRST?

Accepted Answer

Type I (slow-twitch oxidative)

Answer

According to the size principle, the nervous system recruits smaller, low-threshold Type I (slow-twitch) motor units first before engaging faster, higher-threshold fibers.

Question 3

What is the Fick equation used to calculate?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen consumption (VO2)

Answer

The Fick equation calculates VO2 as cardiac output multiplied by the arteriovenous oxygen difference (a-vO2 diff), linking delivery and extraction of oxygen.

Question 4

Which of the following adaptations is a hallmark of long-term endurance training?

Accepted Answer

Increased mitochondrial density in skeletal muscle

Answer

Endurance training stimulates mitochondrial biogenesis, increasing mitochondrial density and oxidative enzyme activity in trained muscles, improving aerobic capacity.

Question 5

The respiratory exchange ratio (RER) of 1.0 during steady-state exercise indicates that the body is primarily using which fuel?

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrate

Answer

An RER of 1.0 means the CO2 produced equals the O2 consumed, which is the ratio for complete carbohydrate (glucose) oxidation.

ACE - Personal Trainer Exam Practice Test

ACE - Personal Trainer Exam Practice Test

ACE Exercise Physiology 2