ACBN Nutritionist MCQ 5

Question 1

Which electrolyte imbalance is most commonly associated with prolonged vomiting?

Accepted Answer

Hypokalemia and metabolic alkalosis

Answer

Loss of gastric hydrochloric acid through vomiting causes hypokalemia and metabolic alkalosis due to hydrogen and chloride depletion.

Question 2

Which dietary modification is the first-line nutrition intervention for managing hypertriglyceridemia?

Accepted Answer

Reducing refined carbohydrates and alcohol

Answer

Refined carbohydrates and alcohol are the primary dietary drivers of elevated triglycerides; restricting them is the first-line dietary strategy.

Question 3

In the context of nutrition labeling, what does the term 'fortification' mean?

Accepted Answer

Adding nutrients not naturally present or present in insignificant amounts

Answer

Fortification refers to adding nutrients to a food that were not originally present or were present in only negligible amounts.

Question 4

A client reports consuming large doses of vitamin C supplements. Which mineral's absorption could be significantly increased as a result?

Accepted Answer

Non-heme iron

Answer

Vitamin C reduces ferric iron (Fe3+) to ferrous iron (Fe2+), enhancing non-heme iron absorption in the duodenum.

Question 5

Which type of dietary fiber is most effective at lowering LDL cholesterol?

Accepted Answer

Soluble viscous fiber (e.g., beta-glucan)

Answer

Soluble viscous fibers like beta-glucan form a gel in the intestine that binds bile acids and reduces LDL cholesterol reabsorption.

ACBN - Nutritionist Exam Practice Test