ABIM Study Guide 2026

A spiculated >3 cm pulmonary nodule with PET hypermetabolic activity in a smoker is highly suspicious for malignancy and requires tissue diagnosis via biopsy or surgical resection.

Sustained virological response (SVR) is defined as undetectable HCV RNA 12 weeks after completing therapy and is considered a cure with >99% durability.

For hemodynamically stable atrial flutter with rapid ventricular response, IV diltiazem or beta-blockers provide rapid rate control while anticoagulation and rhythm control are planned.

GLP-1 receptor agonists have cardiovascular and renal benefits, are effective at all GFR levels (most agents), and reduce HbA1c significantly, making them preferred add-on therapy.

Emphysematous pyelonephritis is a life-threatening necrotizing infection of the renal parenchyma with gas formation, occurring predominantly in diabetic patients.

DDAVP, a vasopressin analog, can increase the ADH axis's activity and result in hyponatremia. Additionally, it has been demonstrated to promote endothelial cell release of von Willebrand factor. However, this medication might cause tachyphylaxis, and its effectiveness usually wears off after two or three consecutive doses. As a result, it cannot be administered again. When von Willebrand factor attaches to glycoprotein 1, related to type IIB vWD, more platelets are cleared from the body. In individuals with type IIB vWD, DDAVP, which increases the release of von Willebrand factor, can result in thrombosis and severe thrombocytopenia and shouldn't be administered in this situation.