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Cardiology Flashcards

6 cards from real ABIM practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

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  1. A 45-year-old man presents with acute pericarditis. Which finding on ECG is most characteristic?

    Answer: Diffuse ST elevation with PR depression

    Acute pericarditis classically causes diffuse ST elevation (saddle-shaped) in multiple leads with PR segment depression, distinguishing it from focal myocardial infarction.

  2. A patient with chronic stable angina is intolerant to beta-blockers and has preserved LV function. Which agent is the best alternative for anti-anginal therapy?

    Answer: Non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers

    Non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers (diltiazem or verapamil) are acceptable alternatives to beta-blockers for chronic stable angina when beta-blockers are contraindicated or not tolerated.

  3. Which of the following is the most common cause of secondary hypertension in adults?

    Answer: Primary aldosteronism

    Primary aldosteronism (Conn syndrome) is the most common cause of secondary hypertension in adults, accounting for approximately 5–10% of all hypertension cases.

  4. A 72-year-old woman with a history of MI 6 months ago is found to have a left ventricular apical thrombus on echocardiography. Which treatment is most appropriate?

    Answer: Anticoagulation with warfarin or DOAC for 3–6 months

    LV thrombus after MI requires anticoagulation (warfarin or DOAC) for at least 3–6 months to reduce the risk of systemic embolization and stroke.

  5. A patient presents with pulse rate of 180 bpm and ECG showing a narrow complex regular tachycardia that terminates with adenosine. What is the most likely diagnosis?

    Answer: AV nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT)

    AVNRT is the most common form of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia, presenting as a regular narrow complex tachycardia that terminates with adenosine.

  6. A patient with known mitral stenosis develops progressive dyspnea. Echocardiography shows a mitral valve area of 1.3 cm² with elevated pulmonary artery pressure. What is the preferred intervention?

    Answer: Percutaneous mitral balloon commissurotomy (PMBC)

    Percutaneous mitral balloon commissurotomy is the preferred intervention for symptomatic mitral stenosis with favorable valve morphology and no significant mitral regurgitation.