ABFM Core Knowledge and Fundamentals 2

Question 1

A 58-year-old man with hypertension and CKD stage 3 needs antihypertensive therapy. Which class is preferred as first-line in this setting?

Accepted Answer

ACE inhibitor

Answer

ACE inhibitors (or ARBs) are first-line in CKD with hypertension due to their nephroprotective effects by reducing intraglomerular pressure.

Question 2

According to the USPSTF, at what age should average-risk adults begin colorectal cancer screening?

Accepted Answer

45 years

Answer

The USPSTF updated its recommendation in 2021 to begin colorectal cancer screening at age 45 for average-risk adults.

Question 3

Which finding on knee X-ray is most characteristic of osteoarthritis?

Accepted Answer

Joint space narrowing with osteophytes

Answer

Osteoarthritis classically shows joint space narrowing, subchondral sclerosis, subchondral cysts, and osteophyte formation on X-ray.

Question 4

A patient is started on warfarin for atrial fibrillation. Which INR range is the target for stroke prevention?

Accepted Answer

2.0–3.0

Answer

The therapeutic INR range for atrial fibrillation anticoagulation is 2.0–3.0, balancing stroke prevention against bleeding risk.

Question 5

Which vaccine is recommended annually for all persons aged 6 months and older?

Accepted Answer

Influenza vaccine

Answer

The influenza vaccine is recommended annually for all persons ≥6 months of age due to antigenic drift of influenza strains each season.

(ABFM) American Board of Family Medicine Practice Test