ABFM ABFM Patient Care Management 1 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: According to ABFM guidelines, at what age should average-risk adults begin colorectal cancer screening with colonoscopy?
- 40 years
- 45 years (Correct answer)
- 50 years
- 55 years
Correct answer: 45 years
Updated guidelines from the USPSTF and ACG recommend beginning colorectal cancer screening for average-risk adults at age 45.
Question 2: A 65-year-old male with hypertension, diabetes, and CKD stage 3 requires antihypertensive therapy. Which drug class is most appropriate as first-line treatment?
- Beta-blocker
- Calcium channel blocker
- ACE inhibitor or ARB (Correct answer)
- Loop diuretic
Correct answer: ACE inhibitor or ARB
ACE inhibitors or ARBs are the preferred antihypertensive agents for patients with diabetes and CKD due to their renoprotective effects.
Question 3: Which immunization is recommended annually for all adults in the US according to ABFM preventive care guidelines?
- Pneumococcal vaccine
- Influenza vaccine (Correct answer)
- Hepatitis B vaccine
- Shingles vaccine
Correct answer: Influenza vaccine
Annual influenza vaccination is recommended for all persons aged 6 months and older in the United States, regardless of health status.
Question 4: A 30-year-old female presents for preconception counseling. Which supplement is most important to recommend to reduce neural tube defect risk?
- Iron
- Calcium
- Folic acid (Correct answer)
- Vitamin D
Correct answer: Folic acid
Daily folic acid supplementation (400-800 mcg) starting at least one month before conception significantly reduces the risk of neural tube defects.
Question 5: When managing acute low back pain in a primary care patient, which initial treatment approach is most appropriate?
- Immediate MRI and opioid prescription
- Reassurance, activity as tolerated, and NSAIDs if needed (Correct answer)
- Bed rest for 2 weeks
- Urgent orthopedic referral
Correct answer: Reassurance, activity as tolerated, and NSAIDs if needed
Most acute low back pain is self-limiting and managed conservatively with reassurance, continued activity, and NSAIDs for pain relief if needed.
Question 6: Which behavioral intervention is MOST effective for smoking cessation according to evidence-based family medicine guidelines?
- Brief advice alone
- Nicotine replacement therapy alone
- Combined pharmacotherapy and behavioral counseling (Correct answer)
- Acupuncture
Correct answer: Combined pharmacotherapy and behavioral counseling
Combining pharmacotherapy (NRT, varenicline, or bupropion) with behavioral counseling produces the highest rates of smoking cessation compared to either approach alone.
ABFM ABFM Patient Care Management 1
According to ABFM guidelines, at what age should average-risk adults begin colorectal cancer screening with colonoscopy?