ABEM ABEM Pediatric & Obstetric Emergencies 3

Question 1

A 5-year-old presents after a seizure lasting 4 minutes that has now stopped. Temperature is 39.2°C. What is the most appropriate management?

Accepted Answer

Reassurance and antipyretics for a simple febrile seizure

Answer

A simple febrile seizure (single, brief, generalized) in a child 6 months–5 years requires reassurance and treatment of the fever.

Question 2

A 4-year-old presents with moderate respiratory distress and wheezing. SpO2 is 91%. What is the immediate treatment for acute asthma exacerbation?

Accepted Answer

Albuterol via nebulizer and supplemental oxygen

Answer

Inhaled albuterol (bronchodilator) plus supplemental oxygen is the cornerstone initial treatment of acute pediatric asthma exacerbations.

Question 3

A pregnant patient at 36 weeks presents with painless vaginal bleeding. Ultrasound shows placenta covering the cervical os. What is the diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Placenta previa

Answer

Placenta previa is characterized by painless vaginal bleeding with the placenta overlying the cervical os on ultrasound.

Question 4

An 18-month-old presents with a femur fracture with a history inconsistent with the injury. What is the most appropriate next step?

Accepted Answer

Non-accidental trauma workup and child protective services notification

Answer

A femur fracture in a pre-ambulatory child with an inconsistent history is highly concerning for non-accidental trauma and mandates a full workup and CPS notification.

Question 5

A neonate is born with a heart rate of 50 bpm and no spontaneous respirations after 30 seconds of PPV. What is the next step?

Accepted Answer

Start chest compressions and continue PPV

Answer

Chest compressions are initiated when HR remains below 60 bpm despite 30 seconds of adequate PPV in neonatal resuscitation.

(ABEM) American Board of Emergency Medicine Practice Test

(ABEM) American Board of Emergency Medicine Practice Test

ABEM ABEM Pediatric & Obstetric Emergencies 3