ABEM ABEM Pediatric & Obstetric Emergencies

Question 1

A 2-year-old presents with inspiratory stridor and a barking cough. Which intervention is first-line for moderate croup?

Accepted Answer

Dexamethasone 0.6 mg/kg IM/PO

Answer

Nebulized epinephrine

Answer

Heliox therapy

Answer

Racemic epinephrine only

Question 2

An 8-month-old presents with high fever, bulging anterior fontanelle, and irritability. What is the most appropriate next step?

Accepted Answer

IV antibiotics then lumbar puncture

Answer

Lumbar puncture immediately

Answer

CT head before lumbar puncture

Answer

Blood cultures only

Question 3

A 4-year-old swallowed a button battery 3 hours ago. X-ray shows it in the esophagus. What is the correct management?

Accepted Answer

Immediate endoscopic removal

Answer

Observe 24 hours and repeat X-ray

Answer

Induce vomiting

Answer

Administer activated charcoal

Question 4

A 6-week-old male presents with projectile non-bilious vomiting after feeding. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Pyloric stenosis

Answer

Intussusception

Answer

Volvulus

Answer

GERD

Question 5

A 10-year-old presents with acute onset severe scrotal pain for 2 hours. What is the priority management?

Accepted Answer

Immediate surgical exploration

Answer

Ultrasound then urology consult

Answer

Doppler ultrasound only

Answer

Analgesics and observation

Question 6

A 3-year-old presents with sudden-onset choking and unilateral decreased breath sounds. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Foreign body aspiration

Answer

Asthma exacerbation

Answer

Pneumothorax

Answer

Bronchiolitis