ABEM ABEM Pediatric & Obstetric Emergencies 3

Question 1

A 5-year-old presents after a seizure lasting 4 minutes that has now stopped. Temperature is 39.2°C. What is the most appropriate management?

Accepted Answer

Reassurance and antipyretics for a simple febrile seizure

Answer

Lumbar puncture in all cases

Answer

EEG immediately

Answer

Admit for 24-hour observation

Question 2

A 4-year-old presents with moderate respiratory distress and wheezing. SpO2 is 91%. What is the immediate treatment for acute asthma exacerbation?

Accepted Answer

Albuterol via nebulizer and supplemental oxygen

Answer

IV corticosteroids only

Answer

Heliox as first-line

Answer

Magnesium sulfate immediately

Question 3

A pregnant patient at 36 weeks presents with painless vaginal bleeding. Ultrasound shows placenta covering the cervical os. What is the diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Placenta previa

Answer

Placental abruption

Answer

Vasa previa

Answer

Uterine rupture

Question 4

An 18-month-old presents with a femur fracture with a history inconsistent with the injury. What is the most appropriate next step?

Accepted Answer

Non-accidental trauma workup and child protective services notification

Answer

Discharge with orthopedics follow-up

Answer

Bone density scan

Answer

Genetic workup for osteogenesis imperfecta

Question 5

A neonate is born with a heart rate of 50 bpm and no spontaneous respirations after 30 seconds of PPV. What is the next step?

Accepted Answer

Start chest compressions and continue PPV

Answer

Continue PPV alone

Answer

IV epinephrine immediately

Answer

Intubate only

Question 6

A 7-year-old presents with a 3-day history of periorbital swelling, fever, and proptosis with painful eye movement. What is the most concerning diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Orbital cellulitis

Answer

Periorbital (preseptal) cellulitis

Answer

Allergic reaction

Answer

Dacryocystitis