Matric Life Sciences

Question 1

Which organelle is known as the powerhouse of the cell?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondrion

Answer

The mitochondrion produces ATP through cellular respiration, providing energy for the cell.

Question 2

What is the process by which green plants make food using sunlight?

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis

Answer

Photosynthesis uses light energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen.

Question 3

DNA carries the genetic code. What are the four bases of DNA?

Accepted Answer

A, T, G and C

Answer

DNA bases are adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G) and cytosine (C). Uracil replaces thymine only in RNA.

Question 4

In humans, which blood vessels carry blood away from the heart?

Accepted Answer

Arteries

Answer

Arteries carry blood away from the heart, usually under high pressure. Veins return blood to the heart.

Question 5

Which part of the human eye controls the amount of light entering it?

Accepted Answer

Iris

Answer

The iris adjusts the size of the pupil to control how much light enters the eye.

Matric (NSC) Exam Practice Practice Test