Viticulture & Winemaking Flashcards

What is the term for the period when grapes begin to ripen on the vine?

Answer: Veraison

Veraison is the stage in the grape ripening process when the grapes begin to soften and change color, indicating the onset of ripening.

Which factor has the greatest influence on the sugar and acidity levels in grapes?

Answer: Climate

Climate plays a critical role in determining the balance of sugar and acidity in grapes, affecting the final wine's flavor and structure.

What is the purpose of malolactic fermentation in winemaking?

Answer: Reduces acidity and softens flavor

Malolactic fermentation reduces the wine's acidity and produces softer, rounder flavors by converting malic acid into lactic acid.

Which vineyard technique helps control yields and improve grape quality?

Answer: Green harvesting

Green harvesting involves removing unripe grape clusters early in the season, allowing the vine to focus resources on the remaining fruit.

Which vessel is traditionally used for fermenting and aging wine in a way that allows for gentle oxygen exposure?

Answer: Oak barrel

Oak barrels are porous, allowing a small amount of oxygen to interact with the wine, which contributes to complexity and softening of tannins.

What is the role of sulfur dioxide (SO₂) in winemaking?

Answer: Preserves wine by preventing oxidation

Sulfur dioxide is used to protect wine from oxidation and microbial spoilage during production and aging.