Veterinary Pharmacology Flashcards

A patient is receiving aminoglycoside antibiotics. Which parameter is most important to monitor for toxicity?

Answer: Renal function (BUN, creatinine)

Aminoglycosides (e.g., gentamicin, amikacin) are nephrotoxic and ototoxic; renal function parameters should be monitored closely during treatment.

Which drug is the antidote for acetaminophen toxicity in cats?

Answer: N-acetylcysteine

N-acetylcysteine replenishes glutathione stores and is the antidote for acetaminophen toxicity, which causes methemoglobinemia and hepatotoxicity in cats.

What is the mechanism by which metronidazole kills anaerobic bacteria?

Answer: Forms toxic free radicals that damage DNA after reduction in anaerobic conditions

Metronidazole is reduced by anaerobic organisms into reactive intermediates that form free radicals, causing lethal DNA strand breakage.

Propofol is classified as which type of anesthetic agent?

Answer: Injectable short-acting hypnotic

Propofol is a phenol-based injectable hypnotic/anesthetic with rapid onset and short duration, used for induction and total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA).

Which of the following correctly describes the pharmacokinetic term 'half-life'?

Answer: The time required for the plasma concentration of a drug to decrease by 50%

Half-life (t½) is the time required for the drug's plasma concentration to decrease by 50%, determining dosing intervals and time to steady state.

A horse is treated with phenylbutazone. Which condition is a major concern with prolonged NSAID use in horses?

Answer: Right dorsal colitis and gastric ulceration

Prolonged or high-dose phenylbutazone use in horses can cause right dorsal colitis and gastrointestinal ulceration due to COX inhibition reducing protective prostaglandins.

Which drug is used to treat Giardia infections in dogs and cats?

Answer: Fenbendazole

Fenbendazole (Panacur) is effective against Giardia and is commonly used in dogs and cats due to its safety and efficacy against this protozoan.