Medical Nursing Flashcards

Which oxygen delivery method provides the highest inspired oxygen concentration for a dyspneic patient?

Answer: Non-rebreather mask with reservoir bag

A non-rebreather mask with a reservoir bag can deliver FiO2 approaching 90–100%, far exceeding other delivery methods.

A cat receiving a blood transfusion suddenly develops facial swelling and vomiting. The immediate action should be:

Answer: Stop the transfusion immediately

Acute transfusion reactions require immediate cessation of the transfusion to prevent life-threatening anaphylaxis or hemolysis.

A dog's packed cell volume (PCV) is 18%. This result indicates:

Answer: Anemia

The normal canine PCV is 37–55%; a value of 18% is well below this range and indicates significant anemia.

The preferred position for a patient in respiratory distress to maximize lung expansion is:

Answer: Sternal recumbency

Sternal recumbency allows gravity to assist diaphragmatic movement and provides the greatest functional residual capacity in the lungs.

A 20 kg dog is assessed to be 10% dehydrated. What is the calculated fluid deficit that should be replaced?

Answer: 2,000 mL

Fluid deficit = body weight (kg) × % dehydration × 1,000 mL = 20 × 0.10 × 1,000 = 2,000 mL.

A male cat is straining repeatedly at the litter box but producing only a few drops of bloody urine. This presentation is most suspicious for:

Answer: Urethral obstruction

Urethral obstruction presents as repeated straining with little to no urine output and is a life-threatening emergency in male cats.

The preferred peripheral venipuncture site for IV catheter placement in dogs is the:

Answer: Cephalic vein

The cephalic vein on the forelimb is the most commonly used peripheral IV catheter site in dogs due to its accessibility and ease of restraint.