Medical Nursing Flashcards
7 cards from real VTNE practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Medical Nursing flashcards as text
A dog is presented with pale mucous membranes, tachycardia, and weak pulses. These signs are most consistent with:
Answer: Shock
Pale mucous membranes, tachycardia, and weak pulses are classic signs of shock due to poor tissue perfusion.
Which fluid type is considered isotonic and is most commonly used for routine fluid replacement therapy in small animals?
Answer: 0.9% Sodium Chloride (Normal Saline)
0.9% NaCl is isotonic with plasma and is a standard crystalloid used for fluid replacement in small animal patients.
The normal capillary refill time (CRT) in a healthy dog or cat is:
Answer: Less than 2 seconds
A CRT of less than 2 seconds indicates adequate peripheral perfusion in dogs and cats.
A patient's rectal temperature is 104.5°F (40.3°C). How is this classified in dogs?
Answer: Mild to moderate hyperthermia
Normal canine rectal temperature is 100.5–102.5°F; 104.5°F falls in the mild to moderate hyperthermia range, with severe hyperthermia typically above 106°F.
A patient receiving IV fluids develops swelling and coolness at the catheter insertion site. This most likely indicates:
Answer: Perivascular fluid infiltration
Perivascular infiltration (extravasation) occurs when fluid leaks out of the vein into surrounding tissue, causing local swelling and coolness.
Which of the following is NOT a clinical sign of dehydration in veterinary patients?
Answer: Bradycardia
Dehydration causes tachycardia (compensatory), not bradycardia; the other three are classic signs of fluid deficit.
When placing an indwelling urinary catheter in a male dog, the catheter tip should be advanced until it reaches the:
Answer: Urinary bladder
The catheter must reach the urinary bladder to allow complete urine drainage and accurate sample collection.