VT Anatomy & Physiology 4

Question 1

The renal arteries arise from the abdominal aorta at approximately which vertebral level?

Accepted Answer

L2

Answer

The renal arteries originate from the lateral aspects of the aorta at approximately the L1–L2 vertebral level, just below the superior mesenteric artery.

Question 2

Systemic vascular resistance (SVR) is primarily determined by:

Accepted Answer

Arteriolar diameter and blood viscosity

Answer

SVR is governed mainly by arteriolar tone (radius has a fourth-power effect via Poiseuille's law) and blood viscosity, making the arterioles the primary resistance vessels.

Question 3

The thoracic duct drains lymph from all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

Right upper extremity

Answer

The right upper extremity (and right head/neck/thorax) drains via the right lymphatic duct; all other body regions drain into the thoracic duct.

Question 4

Which segment of the aorta passes through the diaphragm at the aortic hiatus?

Accepted Answer

Descending thoracic aorta

Answer

The descending thoracic aorta passes through the aortic hiatus of the diaphragm at the T12 level to become the abdominal aorta.

Question 5

During normal respiration, the augmentation of venous return to the right heart is caused by:

Accepted Answer

Decreased intrathoracic pressure on inspiration

Answer

Inspiration lowers intrathoracic pressure, expanding the right atrium and great veins, which decreases central venous pressure and augments venous return.

(VT) Vascular Technician Certification Practice Test

(VT) Vascular Technician Certification Practice Test

VT Anatomy & Physiology 4