UWorld System-Based Pathology Flashcards
6 cards from real UWorld practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 6 UWorld System-Based Pathology flashcards as text
In UWorld cardiology content, what ECG finding is most associated with Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome?
Answer: Short PR interval with a delta wave (slurred upstroke of the QRS)
WPW features a short PR interval due to accessory pathway conduction and a delta wave from ventricular pre-excitation, both hallmarks tested extensively in UWorld cardiology questions.
Which pulmonary condition in UWorld is classically associated with the radiographic finding of 'honeycomb lung' on CT?
Answer: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF)
Honeycombing on CT with a subpleural, basal-predominant pattern is the hallmark of IPF, representing end-stage fibrosis with cystic airspace formation.
In UWorld nephrology, what is the classic urinalysis finding in acute tubular necrosis (ATN)?
Answer: Muddy brown granular casts
Muddy brown granular casts in the urine are pathognomonic for ATN, resulting from sloughed tubular epithelial cells in the setting of ischemic or nephrotoxic injury.
What UWorld hematology concept explains why sickle cell patients are functionally asplenic?
Answer: Repeated splenic infarctions from sickling cause autosplenectomy, leaving patients susceptible to encapsulated organisms
Repeated vaso-occlusive episodes in the spleen cause progressive infarction and fibrosis (autosplenectomy), rendering patients susceptible to infections with encapsulated bacteria like Streptococcus pneumoniae.
In UWorld endocrinology, what distinguishes Cushing's disease from ectopic ACTH syndrome?
Answer: Cushing's disease is caused by a pituitary adenoma secreting ACTH, while ectopic ACTH is secreted by non-pituitary tumors like small cell lung cancer
Cushing's disease specifically refers to pituitary ACTH overproduction, while ectopic ACTH comes from tumors like small cell lung carcinoma; both cause bilateral adrenal hyperplasia, but the source differs.
What UWorld gastroenterology finding is characteristic of celiac disease on small bowel biopsy?
Answer: Villous atrophy with crypt hyperplasia and increased intraepithelial lymphocytes
Celiac disease causes villous blunting with compensatory crypt hyperplasia and increased intraepithelial lymphocytes, triggered by gluten-induced immune damage to the small intestinal mucosa.