Cargo Operations and Stability Flashcards

What is the purpose of a vessel's stability booklet?

Answer: To provide loading guidance to ensure the vessel remains stable

The stability booklet provides the master with loading guidance, including maximum KG curves and sample loading conditions, to ensure the vessel maintains adequate stability at sea.

What does 'GM' represent in vessel stability?

Answer: Metacentric height — the distance between the center of gravity and metacenter

GM (metacentric height) is the vertical distance between the vessel's center of gravity (G) and the metacenter (M); a positive GM indicates initial stability.

When loading heavy cargo, where should it be stowed to improve stability?

Answer: As low as possible in the vessel

Stowing heavy cargo low in the vessel lowers the center of gravity (G), which increases GM and improves the vessel's stability.

What is 'free surface effect' in cargo operations?

Answer: The reduction in stability caused by liquid sloshing in a partially filled tank

Free surface effect occurs when liquid in a partially filled tank shifts as the vessel heels, raising the virtual center of gravity and reducing GM.

What does a negative GM indicate?

Answer: The vessel is unstable and will not return upright after heeling

A negative GM means the metacenter is below the center of gravity; the vessel is in an unstable equilibrium and will loll or capsize rather than return upright.

What is the purpose of a cargo manifest?

Answer: To document all cargo aboard, including description, weight, and stowage location

A cargo manifest is an official document listing all cargo aboard a vessel, including shipper, consignee, description, weight, and port of loading and discharge.