Data Interpretation Flashcards

A graph shows that between 2015 and 2020, influenza hospitalizations increased by 15% each year. If there were 1,000 hospitalizations in 2015, approximately how many were there in 2016?

Answer: 1,150

A 15% increase on 1,000 = 1,000 × 1.15 = 1,150 hospitalizations in 2016.

A clinical table shows test sensitivity = 90% and specificity = 85%. If 100 patients have the disease, how many will test positive?

Answer: 90

Sensitivity measures the true positive rate — 90% of 100 diseased patients = 90 patients will test positive.

In a dataset of exam scores (55, 62, 70, 70, 88), what is the mode?

Answer: 70

The mode is the value that appears most frequently in a dataset; 70 appears twice while all other values appear once.

A health survey reports a 95% confidence interval of 45%–55% for a treatment success rate. What does this mean?

Answer: We are 95% confident the true population success rate lies between 45% and 55%

A 95% confidence interval means that if the study were repeated many times, 95% of the resulting intervals would contain the true population parameter.

A UMAT data question presents two treatment groups: Group A (n=50) with 30 successes and Group B (n=100) with 45 successes. Which group has the higher success rate?

Answer: Group A

Group A success rate = 30/50 = 60%; Group B success rate = 45/100 = 45% — Group A has the higher rate.

A two-way table shows 200 patients: 80 received treatment and recovered, 20 received treatment and did not recover, 40 received no treatment and recovered, 60 received no treatment and did not recover. What is the recovery rate for treated patients?

Answer: 80%

Recovery rate for treated patients = 80 / (80 + 20) = 80/100 = 80%.