DVSA ADI Part 1 Theory Test — Questions and Answers

Question 1: What procedure should an ADI teach for emerging from a T-junction onto a busy road?

Always turn left as it is safer
Pull out quickly to avoid blocking the junction
Wait for another driver to flash their headlights
Use the LADA routine (Look, Assess, Decide, Act), checking both directions effectively, assessing gaps in traffic, and only emerging when safe to do so (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Use the LADA routine (Look, Assess, Decide, Act), checking both directions effectively, assessing gaps in traffic, and only emerging when safe to do so

Emerging from a T-junction requires systematic observation and decision-making. The driver should look right, left, and right again (and ahead for a crossroads), assess the speed and distance of approaching traffic, decide if there is a safe gap, and only then proceed.

Question 2: A motorcyclist is involved in a collision and is unconscious. When should their helmet be removed?

As soon as an ambulance has been called
Never — to avoid causing further injury
Always — to check for head injuries
Only if they are not breathing or the airway is obstructed (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Only if they are not breathing or the airway is obstructed

A helmet should only be removed if the casualty is not breathing or the airway is blocked, and only by someone trained to do so, to avoid spinal injury.

Question 3: What are the three main learning styles an ADI should be aware of?

Theory, practical, and exam learners
Visual (learning by seeing), auditory (learning by hearing), and kinaesthetic (learning by doing) — effective instruction uses a combination of all three (Correct answer)
Fast, medium, and slow learners
Morning, afternoon, and evening learners

Correct answer: Visual (learning by seeing), auditory (learning by hearing), and kinaesthetic (learning by doing) — effective instruction uses a combination of all three

The three main learning styles are: visual (diagrams, demonstrations, watching), auditory (verbal explanations, discussions), and kinaesthetic (hands-on practice, learning by doing). While most people use a blend, understanding dominant styles helps ADIs tailor their instruction for maximum effectiveness.

Question 4: An ADI has a learner who is ready for their driving test but has significant test anxiety. What strategies should the ADI employ?

Use graduated exposure to test-like conditions, teach specific anxiety management techniques (breathing, positive self-talk), conduct mock tests, and reassure the learner about their competence based on evidence from lessons (Correct answer)
Suggest the learner takes medication before the test
Tell the learner anxiety is not real and to just relax
Book the test immediately before the learner changes their mind

Correct answer: Use graduated exposure to test-like conditions, teach specific anxiety management techniques (breathing, positive self-talk), conduct mock tests, and reassure the learner about their competence based on evidence from lessons

Test anxiety should be addressed through: graduated exposure to test-like conditions (driving the test routes, mock tests), teaching specific coping strategies (controlled breathing, positive visualisation, reframing negative thoughts), building evidence-based confidence by reviewing the learner's achievements, and normalising some degree of nervousness.

Question 5: What technique should ADIs teach to help pupils identify emerging hazards when driving on rural roads?

Rely on hazard warning signs to be alerted
Speed up to cover the road more quickly before hazards appear
Scan well ahead, use the road geometry to predict hidden hazards and adjust speed accordingly (Correct answer)
Stay in the centre of the road for better visibility

Correct answer: Scan well ahead, use the road geometry to predict hidden hazards and adjust speed accordingly

Reading the road geometry (curves, crests, hedgerows limiting vision) and scanning far ahead allows a driver to anticipate hidden hazards and adjust speed before they develop into emergencies.

Question 6: How often should tyre pressures be checked?

At least monthly and before any long journey (Correct answer)
Every 10,000 miles
Once a year at the annual service
Only when a tyre appears visually flat

Correct answer: At least monthly and before any long journey

Tyre pressures should be checked monthly and before long journeys; under-inflated tyres cause increased fuel consumption, uneven wear and can overheat, potentially causing a blowout.

Question 7: Which road sign would warn of a level crossing with a barrier or gate ahead?

A blue rectangle with a train symbol
A triangle showing a locomotive with diagonal stripes on each side (Correct answer)
A yellow diamond with railway tracks
A triangle showing a car with raised barriers

Correct answer: A triangle showing a locomotive with diagonal stripes on each side

The triangular warning sign for a level crossing with barriers shows a locomotive with diagonal barrier stripes on each side, alerting drivers to slow down and prepare to stop.

Question 8: When following a vehicle at night, why is it important not to over-drive your headlights?

Headlights reduce fuel efficiency at night
The driver must be able to stop within the distance illuminated by their headlights (Correct answer)
Bright headlights dazzle the car in front
Full beams must be used within 200 m of a vehicle ahead

Correct answer: The driver must be able to stop within the distance illuminated by their headlights

Driving faster than can be stopped within the lit area means the driver cannot stop in time for hazards at the edge of their light reach — a form of excessive speed for the conditions.

Question 9: When teaching about road markings, what do hatched markings (diagonal lines) bordered by a solid white line indicate?

A bus lane during operating hours
An area that must not be entered unless it is an emergency — they separate traffic flows or protect turning vehicles (Correct answer)
A parking area for disabled drivers
A pedestrian crossing area

Correct answer: An area that must not be entered unless it is an emergency — they separate traffic flows or protect turning vehicles

Hatched markings bordered by a solid white line indicate an area that must not be entered except in an emergency. When bordered by a broken white line, they should not be entered unless it is safe to do so. These markings separate opposing traffic flows or protect traffic turning right.

Question 10: What role does 'system of car control' (IPSGA) play in hazard perception?

It applies only to motorway driving
It is the scoring system for the hazard perception test
It provides a structured approach to approaching hazards: Information, Position, Speed, Gear, Accelerate (Correct answer)
It is a method for teaching clutch control

Correct answer: It provides a structured approach to approaching hazards: Information, Position, Speed, Gear, Accelerate

IPSGA (Information — Position — Speed — Gear — Accelerate) is the systematic method for approaching hazards safely, ensuring the driver acts in the correct order to manage any hazard.

Question 11: An ADI is required to renew their registration with DVSA every:

4 years (Correct answer)
1 year
5 years
2 years

Correct answer: 4 years

ADI registration lasts for 4 years; renewal requires payment of the registration fee and completion of a new criminal record check; standards checks may also be required.

Question 12: In hazard perception theory, a 'latent hazard' differs from a developing hazard in that:

It has already caused a collision
It is a situation that has potential to develop into a hazard but has not yet done so (Correct answer)
It only applies to pedestrian situations
It is a fixed feature of the road

Correct answer: It is a situation that has potential to develop into a hazard but has not yet done so

A latent (or potential) hazard is a situation that could develop — such as a ball bouncing near the road or a parked van obscuring a junction — requiring monitoring but not yet demanding action.

Question 13: Which marking category in the standards check relates to whether the ADI identified risks during the lesson and managed them appropriately?

Teaching and learning strategies
Lesson planning
Risk management (Correct answer)
Pupil feedback

Correct answer: Risk management

The 'risk management' competency area specifically assesses whether the ADI identified, communicated and managed risks to an appropriate level throughout the lesson.

Question 14: What constitutes a dangerous fault during the driving test?

Stalling the engine once
An action that causes actual danger to the candidate, examiner, public, or property, or that requires physical intervention from the examiner (Correct answer)
Any minor mistake
Taking a wrong turn during independent driving

Correct answer: An action that causes actual danger to the candidate, examiner, public, or property, or that requires physical intervention from the examiner

A dangerous fault involves actual danger to someone or something, or requires the examiner to physically intervene (such as grabbing the steering wheel or using the dual controls). It is the most severe category of fault and results in immediate failure.

Question 15: When driving near a school at arrival or departure times, drivers should:

Sound the horn to warn playing children
Reduce speed significantly and watch for children running into the road (Correct answer)
Maintain normal speed as schools are clearly signed
Only stop if a lollipop person is present

Correct answer: Reduce speed significantly and watch for children running into the road

School zones at busy times present a high risk from children crossing unexpectedly; reduced speed ensures the driver can stop within the distance they can see to be clear.

Question 16: According to DVSA guidance, how should an ADI use commentary driving as a teaching tool?

The ADI commentates while the learner listens passively
Commentary driving is only used on motorways
The ADI first demonstrates commentary driving, then gradually encourages the learner to provide their own commentary, developing their hazard perception and forward planning skills (Correct answer)
The learner records a commentary for playback later

Correct answer: The ADI first demonstrates commentary driving, then gradually encourages the learner to provide their own commentary, developing their hazard perception and forward planning skills

Commentary driving involves verbalising observations, plans, and decisions while driving. The ADI should first demonstrate the technique, then encourage the learner to try it. This develops the learner's scanning, anticipation, and planning skills by making their thought processes explicit.

Question 17: If an ADI is convicted of a driving offence resulting in disqualification, they must:

Apply to the DVLA for an exemption
Wait until their next standards check to report it
Continue instructing until their registration expires
Notify DVSA immediately as the disqualification may affect their fitness to remain on the Register (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Notify DVSA immediately as the disqualification may affect their fitness to remain on the Register

ADIs must be fit and proper persons; a driving disqualification must be notified to DVSA who will consider its impact on the ADI's registration, which may be suspended or revoked.

Question 18: An ADI is teaching a learner about speed limit signs. What does a white circular sign with a black diagonal stripe indicate?

End of all restrictions
The national speed limit applies (Correct answer)
30mph speed limit
No speed limit

Correct answer: The national speed limit applies

A white circular sign with a black diagonal stripe indicates that the national speed limit applies. This is 60mph on single carriageways and 70mph on dual carriageways and motorways. It does not mean 'no limit' — the national speed limit still applies.

Question 19: Anti-lock braking system (ABS) is designed to:

Replace the need for pumping the brakes
Only assist on ice
Stop the car in a shorter distance than manual braking
Prevent wheel lock-up under heavy braking, maintaining steering control (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Prevent wheel lock-up under heavy braking, maintaining steering control

ABS modulates brake pressure to prevent wheel lock-up, allowing the driver to steer while braking hard; it does not necessarily reduce stopping distance but maintains directional control.

Question 20: How does aquaplaning occur and how should a driver respond?

The car understeers due to high speed; apply full brakes immediately
The car oversteers; apply full brakes
The car skids on ice; brake firmly and steer into the skid
A film of water lifts the tyres off the road; ease off the accelerator and avoid harsh inputs until the tyres regain contact (Correct answer)

Correct answer: A film of water lifts the tyres off the road; ease off the accelerator and avoid harsh inputs until the tyres regain contact

Aquaplaning occurs when water builds up faster than the tyre can disperse it, lifting the tyre off the road surface; the driver should ease off the accelerator and avoid braking or steering sharply until grip returns.

Question 21: An ADI should teach that a red circular sign showing '30' indicates what?

A mandatory maximum speed limit of 30mph, which it is an offence to exceed (Correct answer)
A minimum speed of 30mph
A recommended speed of 30mph
A speed limit that only applies to learner drivers

Correct answer: A mandatory maximum speed limit of 30mph, which it is an offence to exceed

A red circular sign with a number indicates a mandatory maximum speed limit. It is an offence to exceed the displayed speed. The limit applies to all vehicles unless specific exemptions apply (e.g., emergency vehicles responding to emergencies).

Question 22: At a junction controlled by traffic lights that have failed, drivers should:

Treat it as a 'give way' junction and proceed with caution (Correct answer)
Treat the junction as an uncontrolled junction and give way to the right
Stop and call the police before proceeding
Give way to all traffic from all directions

Correct answer: Treat it as a 'give way' junction and proceed with caution

When traffic lights have failed, the junction becomes effectively uncontrolled; drivers must treat it as a 'give way' and proceed with care, observing the usual right-of-way conventions.

Question 23: According to DVSA guidance, what is the recommended approach for giving feedback to a learner driver?

Wait until the end of the lesson to give all feedback at once
Only point out mistakes to correct them quickly
Avoid any negative feedback to maintain the learner's confidence
Use a balance of positive reinforcement and constructive feedback, be specific about what was good and what needs improvement, and encourage the learner to self-assess first (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Use a balance of positive reinforcement and constructive feedback, be specific about what was good and what needs improvement, and encourage the learner to self-assess first

Effective feedback should be timely, specific, and balanced. The ADI should encourage self-assessment first (asking the learner how they think they did), then provide specific positive reinforcement alongside constructive suggestions for improvement. This builds confidence and self-awareness.

Question 24: What is the difference between 'instruction' and 'coaching' in the context of driver training?

Instruction involves telling and demonstrating (instructor-led), while coaching involves questioning and facilitating the learner's own discovery and problem-solving (learner-led) (Correct answer)
Coaching is only for advanced drivers
Instruction is informal and coaching is formal
They are identical approaches

Correct answer: Instruction involves telling and demonstrating (instructor-led), while coaching involves questioning and facilitating the learner's own discovery and problem-solving (learner-led)

Instruction is a more directive approach where the ADI tells, shows, and explains. Coaching is a facilitative approach where the ADI uses questions to help the learner think, analyse, and solve problems themselves. Effective ADIs use both approaches depending on the learner's level and the situation.

Question 25: Which situation at a junction requires an ADI to teach the concept of 'effective observation'?

Emerging onto a major road with restricted sight lines — look, assess, look again and move only when safe (Correct answer)
Turning left into a clear road
Driving straight over a mini-roundabout
Exiting a motorway at a clearly signed junction

Correct answer: Emerging onto a major road with restricted sight lines — look, assess, look again and move only when safe

Effective observation at restricted junctions involves looking right, left and right again (and for one-way roads, left-right-left), reassessing continuously before committing to the manoeuvre.

Question 26: Under the updated Highway Code hierarchy of road users, which group sits at the top of the hierarchy?

Pedestrians (Correct answer)
Cyclists
Motorists
Public transport users

Correct answer: Pedestrians

The 2022 Highway Code introduced a formal hierarchy placing pedestrians at the top, followed by cyclists, then horse riders, then motorcyclists, then cars, with those who can cause the most harm bearing the greatest responsibility.

Question 27: Which action should a driver take when a front-right tyre blows out at speed on a motorway?

Brake hard immediately
Steer sharply left
Accelerate to maintain control
Hold the steering wheel firmly, ease off the accelerator gradually and steer to the left to stop on the hard shoulder (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Hold the steering wheel firmly, ease off the accelerator gradually and steer to the left to stop on the hard shoulder

A tyre blowout causes the vehicle to pull towards the blown tyre; firm steering, gentle deceleration (not hard braking) and controlled movement to a safe stop are essential.

Question 28: According to UK law, what is the maximum number of passengers a car may carry?

Up to 8 passengers in any car
The number of seats fitted with seatbelts, as specified in the vehicle's registration document (Correct answer)
There is no legal limit
As many as can fit in the vehicle

Correct answer: The number of seats fitted with seatbelts, as specified in the vehicle's registration document

A car may only carry the number of passengers for which seatbelts are provided. It is an offence to carry more passengers than there are seatbelts (for passengers aged 14+). The vehicle's V5C registration document specifies the number of passenger seats.

Question 29: When performing CPR on an adult, what is the correct ratio of chest compressions to rescue breaths?

15:2
5:1
30:1
30:2 (Correct answer)

Correct answer: 30:2

The current UK resuscitation guidelines recommend 30 chest compressions followed by 2 rescue breaths for adult CPR.

Question 30: A learner driver asks about towing a trailer. What weight restrictions should they be aware of?

The trailer can weigh more than the towing vehicle
There are no weight restrictions for towing
Only commercial vehicles can tow trailers
The maximum trailer weight depends on the towing vehicle's gross train weight (GTW), and drivers who passed their test after January 1997 may need an additional licence category for heavier trailers (Correct answer)

Correct answer: The maximum trailer weight depends on the towing vehicle's gross train weight (GTW), and drivers who passed their test after January 1997 may need an additional licence category for heavier trailers

The towing vehicle's manufacturer specifies the maximum towing weight (found in the handbook or on the VIN plate). Drivers who passed their test after 1 January 1997 on a Category B licence may tow trailers up to 750kg, or heavier trailers if the combined MAM does not exceed 3,500kg. A B+E or C1+E licence may be needed for heavier combinations.

Question 31: During a lesson, an ADI needs to take control of the vehicle using dual controls. How should this be handled afterwards?

Take over driving for the rest of the lesson
Pretend it did not happen to avoid embarrassing the learner
End the lesson immediately
Stop in a safe place, explain why the intervention was necessary, discuss what happened calmly, use it as a learning opportunity, and rebuild the learner's confidence before continuing (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Stop in a safe place, explain why the intervention was necessary, discuss what happened calmly, use it as a learning opportunity, and rebuild the learner's confidence before continuing

After using dual controls, the ADI should find a safe place to stop, explain calmly why the intervention was necessary, discuss what happened and what the learner could do differently, use it as a learning opportunity, and reassure the learner before continuing. This maintains trust and turns the incident into learning.

Question 32: An ADI is teaching a complete beginner their first lesson. What should the lesson cover?

Only theory — no practical driving in the first lesson
Reversing manoeuvres to build confidence quickly
Immediately drive on public roads to start learning
Cockpit drill (DSSSM — Doors, Seat, Steering, Seatbelt, Mirrors), basic controls explanation, and moving off and stopping in a safe, quiet environment (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Cockpit drill (DSSSM — Doors, Seat, Steering, Seatbelt, Mirrors), basic controls explanation, and moving off and stopping in a safe, quiet environment

A first lesson should cover the cockpit drill (DSSSM), an explanation of the main controls (clutch, brake, accelerator, gears, steering, handbrake), and basic moving off and stopping exercises in a quiet, safe area. This builds foundational skills in a low-pressure environment.

Question 33: An ADI is legally required to be registered with which body?

The Association of British Driving Schools
The Driver and Vehicle Licensing Agency (DVLA)
The Road Transport Industry Training Board
The Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) on the ADI Register (Correct answer)

Correct answer: The Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) on the ADI Register

Only individuals on the DVSA's ADI Register may charge for driving instruction; the Register is maintained under the Road Traffic Act 1988 and associated regulations.

Question 34: How long does the independent driving section of the UK driving test last?

The entire test
About 20 minutes — approximately half the total driving test time (Correct answer)
5 minutes
10 minutes

Correct answer: About 20 minutes — approximately half the total driving test time

The independent driving section lasts approximately 20 minutes, which is about half of the total driving time. The candidate follows directions from a sat-nav (in most tests) or traffic signs, demonstrating their ability to drive independently.

Question 35: Continuing Professional Development (CPD) for ADIs is:

Completed during the Part 3 test only
Not a legal requirement but strongly encouraged to maintain and improve instructional standards (Correct answer)
Required only for those who have failed a standards check
Mandatory and required to be logged with DVSA

Correct answer: Not a legal requirement but strongly encouraged to maintain and improve instructional standards

CPD is not currently a statutory requirement for ADI registration, but DVSA and professional bodies strongly encourage it to maintain teaching quality and awareness of evolving road and vehicle standards.

Question 36: Which reversing manoeuvres may be tested during the current UK driving test?

Reversing around a corner and turn in the road
Only the three-point turn
Parallel parking, pulling up on the right and reversing, or bay parking (forward or reverse) — one will be selected (Correct answer)
Only reverse bay parking

Correct answer: Parallel parking, pulling up on the right and reversing, or bay parking (forward or reverse) — one will be selected

The current driving test (from December 2017) includes one of three possible reversing manoeuvres: parallel parking at the side of the road, pulling up on the right-hand side and reversing two car lengths, or driving into and reversing out of (or reversing into and driving out of) a bay parking space.

Question 37: When using client-centred learning techniques, what role does the ADI primarily take?

A passive observer who lets the learner make mistakes without intervention
A lecturer who explains theory without practical application
A strict instructor who dictates every action
A facilitator who helps the learner identify their own learning needs, set goals, and develop problem-solving skills through guided discovery (Correct answer)

Correct answer: A facilitator who helps the learner identify their own learning needs, set goals, and develop problem-solving skills through guided discovery

Client-centred learning places the learner at the heart of the process. The ADI acts as a facilitator, using questioning techniques to help the learner identify their strengths and weaknesses, set personal goals, and develop their own understanding through guided discovery and reflection.

Question 38: What is the minimum legal tread depth for car tyres in the UK?

2 mm across the full tyre
1.6 mm across the central 75% of the width around the full circumference (Correct answer)
1 mm across the central 75% of the tyre
3 mm for front tyres, 1.6 mm for rear tyres

Correct answer: 1.6 mm across the central 75% of the width around the full circumference

The legal minimum tread depth for cars in the UK is 1.6 mm across the central three-quarters of the tread width around the entire circumference of the tyre.

Question 39: What should an ADI do if a pupil becomes very distressed or anxious during a lesson?

Continue the lesson to overcome the pupil's anxiety
End the lesson immediately and make no further comment
Stop in a safe place, address the pupil's emotional state and decide whether to continue based on their welfare (Correct answer)
Raise the lesson content difficulty to distract the pupil

Correct answer: Stop in a safe place, address the pupil's emotional state and decide whether to continue based on their welfare

The ADI's duty of care includes the pupil's emotional wellbeing; driving while significantly distressed is unsafe, so stopping, acknowledging the pupil's feelings and making a joint decision is the appropriate response.

Question 40: A casualty is suffering from hypoglycaemia (low blood sugar) and is conscious. What should you do?

Give them something sugary to eat or drink (Correct answer)
Place them in the recovery position and await help
Restrict all food and fluids until the ambulance arrives
Administer insulin as soon as possible

Correct answer: Give them something sugary to eat or drink

Giving a conscious casualty with hypoglycaemia a sugary food or drink quickly raises blood glucose levels and can rapidly improve their condition.

Question 41: What should a driver do when approaching a double white line where the line nearest to them is unbroken?

Overtake if the road ahead is clear
Not cross or straddle the line except in specific limited circumstances (Correct answer)
Flash headlights and overtake quickly
Use the right lane to overtake

Correct answer: Not cross or straddle the line except in specific limited circumstances

A solid white line nearest the driver means do not cross or straddle the centre line; exceptions include passing a stationary obstruction, cyclist, horse or road maintenance vehicle where safe.

Question 42: What is the correct procedure for a learner encountering a school crossing patrol (lollipop person)?

Stop when the patrol displays the stop sign, remain stationary until the patrol withdraws the sign, and only then proceed with caution (Correct answer)
Sound the horn to alert the patrol officer
Slow down only if children are visible
Continue if you can see a gap between the children

Correct answer: Stop when the patrol displays the stop sign, remain stationary until the patrol withdraws the sign, and only then proceed with caution

When a school crossing patrol displays their stop sign, drivers must stop and remain stationary until the sign is withdrawn. It is an offence to proceed while the sign is displayed, regardless of whether children are on the crossing.

Question 43: What is indicated by a blue rectangular sign on a motorway?

Tourist information
Warning of a hazard ahead
A mandatory instruction to leave the motorway
Information and direction — motorway signs use blue backgrounds to indicate motorway-related information (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Information and direction — motorway signs use blue backgrounds to indicate motorway-related information

Motorway signs have blue backgrounds. They provide directional and informational guidance including junction numbers, destinations, distances, and motorway services. Green signs indicate primary routes, and white signs indicate non-primary routes.

Question 44: A driver should use the PSL (Position-Speed-Look) routine primarily when:

Driving on motorways
Driving at night
Approaching and negotiating junctions, bends and hazards (Correct answer)
Conducting an emergency stop

Correct answer: Approaching and negotiating junctions, bends and hazards

PSL (Position, Speed, Look) is applied when approaching any hazard, particularly junctions and bends, to ensure the vehicle is in the right place, at the right speed and the driver has the best possible view.

Question 45: How should an ADI prepare a pupil for the eyesight test at the start of the driving test?

Ensure the pupil can read a number plate at 20 metres (or 20.5 metres for the older-style plates) and advise them to wear their glasses or contact lenses if prescribed for driving (Correct answer)
The pupil should memorise the test number plate in advance
Tell the pupil the eyesight test is optional
The pupil only needs to see the examiner clearly

Correct answer: Ensure the pupil can read a number plate at 20 metres (or 20.5 metres for the older-style plates) and advise them to wear their glasses or contact lenses if prescribed for driving

The driving test begins with an eyesight test where the candidate must read a number plate at 20 metres (20.5m for older plates). If the candidate normally wears glasses or contact lenses for driving, they must wear them. Failure to pass the eyesight test means the driving test does not proceed.

Question 46: Brake fade occurs when:

The car is driven in a low gear
The brake fluid is fresh
Repeated or prolonged hard braking causes overheating, reducing braking effectiveness (Correct answer)
The brakes are applied too gently

Correct answer: Repeated or prolonged hard braking causes overheating, reducing braking effectiveness

Brake fade results from heat generated by sustained or repeated heavy braking; it vaporises the brake fluid or glazes the pads, significantly reducing the braking force.

Question 47: A guide dog user is about to cross the road. How should a driver respond?

Flash headlights to indicate it is safe to cross
Be prepared to stop and give way; do not use horn or rev engine as it may distract the dog (Correct answer)
Treat them the same as any other pedestrian
Sound the horn gently to let the user know you are there

Correct answer: Be prepared to stop and give way; do not use horn or rev engine as it may distract the dog

Sudden noise or revving can distract a guide dog, disrupting their guidance of the handler; drivers must be patient and quiet when passing guide dog users.

Question 48: What does the engine management warning light (amber) indicate?

A fault has been detected in the engine management system that requires investigation (Correct answer)
The car requires a service
The engine oil is low
Immediate engine failure — stop now

Correct answer: A fault has been detected in the engine management system that requires investigation

The amber engine management light (EML) indicates that the engine control unit has detected a fault; the vehicle may still be driven but should be inspected by a qualified mechanic.

Question 49: What is the purpose of the MOT test in the UK?

To assess the driver's competence annually
To check that the vehicle meets minimum roadworthiness standards required by law (Correct answer)
To verify the vehicle's insurance
To confirm the vehicle's ULEZ compliance

Correct answer: To check that the vehicle meets minimum roadworthiness standards required by law

The MOT (Ministry of Transport) test checks that vehicles over 3 years old meet minimum safety and emissions standards to be legally driven on public roads.

Question 50: What is the correct depth for chest compressions when performing CPR on an adult?

7–8 cm
3–4 cm
5–6 cm (Correct answer)
2–3 cm

Correct answer: 5–6 cm

Compressions should be 5–6 cm deep to be effective in circulating blood during CPR.

Question 51: Which group of cyclists is hardest for drivers to see and requires extra vigilance at junctions?

Cyclists on racing bicycles
Cyclists using dedicated cycle lanes
Cyclists riding in groups
Cyclists who are filtering between lanes or emerging from the left of large vehicles (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Cyclists who are filtering between lanes or emerging from the left of large vehicles

Cyclists filtering between slow-moving traffic or positioned in the blind spot to the left of large vehicles are at greatest risk at junctions, where drivers may fail to check the left mirror before turning.

Question 52: As an ADI, how should you teach a learner to deal with an unmarked crossroads?

Accelerate through to clear the junction quickly
Always give way to the right
Always stop before proceeding
Approach with extreme caution, be prepared to stop, look effectively in all directions, and give way to any road user who has priority or poses a risk (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Approach with extreme caution, be prepared to stop, look effectively in all directions, and give way to any road user who has priority or poses a risk

Unmarked crossroads require extreme caution as no road has automatic priority. The driver should slow down, look in all directions, be prepared to stop, and proceed only when safe. This is a high-risk junction type with frequent collisions.

Question 53: What is 'tunnel vision' and why is it dangerous when driving?

Staring at the speedometer while driving
Loss of vision caused by oncoming headlights
The tendency under stress to focus on a central hazard while missing peripheral threats (Correct answer)
Driving through a tunnel at reduced speed

Correct answer: The tendency under stress to focus on a central hazard while missing peripheral threats

Tunnel vision under stress causes the driver to fixate on one hazard and fail to perceive secondary hazards at the periphery of their view, increasing the risk of missing a critical threat.

Question 54: What does a circular sign with a red border and no other markings inside (other than the white background) indicate?

No vehicles allowed (except pedal cycles being pushed) (Correct answer)
Speed limit of 30mph
National speed limit applies
One-way street

Correct answer: No vehicles allowed (except pedal cycles being pushed)

A circular white sign with a red border and no other markings is the 'no vehicles' sign, prohibiting all motor vehicles. Pedal cycles may be pushed but not ridden. This sign is used to close roads to motor traffic.

Question 55: A rectangular blue sign on a motorway with a white panel and black text gives:

A hazard warning
A mandatory speed instruction
An on-slip or off-slip instruction
Route and directional information (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Route and directional information

Blue rectangular signs on motorways provide directional and route information, including junction numbers, place names and distances, helping drivers plan their exits.

Question 56: As an ADI, when preparing a pupil for their driving test, how should you teach them to handle the examiner's directions?

Anticipate what the examiner will say and act before they speak
Listen carefully, ask for clarification if unsure, and execute manoeuvres safely rather than rushing — the examiner will repeat directions if needed (Correct answer)
Follow every instruction immediately without thinking
Ignore the examiner and drive as they normally would

Correct answer: Listen carefully, ask for clarification if unsure, and execute manoeuvres safely rather than rushing — the examiner will repeat directions if needed

Pupils should listen carefully to the examiner's directions and, if unsure, ask for them to be repeated. The examiner will happily repeat an instruction. It is better to confirm understanding than to act on a misheard direction, as safety is always the priority.

Question 57: What does a blue circular sign with a white arrow pointing upwards mean?

Turn left ahead mandatory
Ahead only — vehicles must proceed straight on (Correct answer)
One-way traffic ahead
No U-turn

Correct answer: Ahead only — vehicles must proceed straight on

Blue circles with white symbols give positive (mandatory) instructions; an upward white arrow means proceed ahead only — drivers must not turn.

Question 58: What does an upright white-on-blue sign showing a bicycle and car separated by a line indicate?

Cars must give way to cyclists
Cyclists must follow behind cars
A cycle lane that cars are prohibited from entering
A shared route for cyclists and vehicles with the lane divided (Correct answer)

Correct answer: A shared route for cyclists and vehicles with the lane divided

This sign indicates a route or path shared between cyclists and pedestrians (or vehicles) with a dividing line separating the modes, each using their allocated side.

Question 59: What does a yellow box junction marking prohibit?

Stopping within the yellow box for any reason
Overtaking within the yellow box
Entering the box unless your exit is clear, except when turning right (Correct answer)
Parking within the yellow box

Correct answer: Entering the box unless your exit is clear, except when turning right

The yellow box junction rules (s.36 RTA 1988 and Road Markings Regulations) prohibit entering the box unless the exit is clear; an exception allows waiting inside when turning right and blocked by oncoming traffic.

Question 60: How does driving on a motorway at night differ from daytime in terms of hazard perception?

The speed limit is lower at night on motorways
Other drivers are more experienced at night
Visibility is reduced and fatigue risk is higher; debris, animals and stationary vehicles are harder to detect (Correct answer)
There are fewer hazards at night on motorways

Correct answer: Visibility is reduced and fatigue risk is higher; debris, animals and stationary vehicles are harder to detect

Night driving on motorways reduces visibility to headlight range, makes debris and obstacles harder to see, and increases fatigue risk, all of which increase the risk of a high-speed collision.

Question 61: What is the difference between a minor fault and a serious fault on the driving test?

A minor fault is a less serious driving error that does not create a dangerous situation, while a serious fault is one that is potentially dangerous or involves a habitual pattern of minor faults (Correct answer)
Minor faults relate to speed and serious faults relate to steering
There is no practical difference
Minor faults are only given for signalling errors

Correct answer: A minor fault is a less serious driving error that does not create a dangerous situation, while a serious fault is one that is potentially dangerous or involves a habitual pattern of minor faults

A minor (driving) fault is an error that is not dangerous in itself but could become dangerous if repeated. A serious fault is one that is potentially dangerous — it could cause danger to the candidate, examiner, public, or property. A pattern of the same minor fault may be marked as serious.

Question 62: When loading a vehicle, how should the weight be distributed?

All heavy items should be placed at the rear for easier unloading
All weight should be on one side for easier access
Weight distribution does not matter
Heavy items should be placed low and as close to the centre of the vehicle as possible, with the load distributed evenly side to side (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Heavy items should be placed low and as close to the centre of the vehicle as possible, with the load distributed evenly side to side

For optimal vehicle stability, heavy items should be placed low in the load space (lowering the centre of gravity), centred between the axles, and distributed evenly from side to side. Uneven loading can cause the vehicle to pull to one side, and top-heavy loading increases rollover risk.

Question 63: When should a learner driver use the horn, according to the Highway Code?

Whenever approaching a junction
To greet other drivers
Only to alert other road users of their presence when reasonably necessary, and never while stationary or in a built-up area between 11:30 PM and 7:00 AM (Correct answer)
To express frustration at other drivers

Correct answer: Only to alert other road users of their presence when reasonably necessary, and never while stationary or in a built-up area between 11:30 PM and 7:00 AM

The horn should only be used to warn other road users of your presence. It must not be used aggressively, while stationary (unless in danger), or in a built-up area between 11:30 PM and 7:00 AM, except when another moving vehicle poses a danger.

Question 64: What does a brown rectangular sign with white text indicate?

A road closure ahead
A speed camera location
A mandatory traffic instruction
Tourist information — directing to tourist attractions, heritage sites, or places of interest (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Tourist information — directing to tourist attractions, heritage sites, or places of interest

Brown signs are tourist information signs directing drivers to tourist attractions, heritage sites, leisure facilities, and other places of interest. They are distinct from green (primary route) and white (non-primary route) direction signs.

Question 65: When should you give extra care to motorcyclists in traffic?

Only when they are filtering through traffic
Only at night
Only when they are on the motorway
When changing lanes, at junctions and in poor visibility when bikes are harder to see (Correct answer)

Correct answer: When changing lanes, at junctions and in poor visibility when bikes are harder to see

Motorcycles are smaller and less visible than cars; they are at greatest risk when vehicles change lanes, emerge from junctions or when weather reduces conspicuity.

Question 66: When using the MSM (Mirror-Signal-Manoeuvre) routine, the signal should be given:

After beginning the manoeuvre
Only when another vehicle is visible
Before checking mirrors
After checking mirrors and in good time to give adequate warning (Correct answer)

Correct answer: After checking mirrors and in good time to give adequate warning

In the MSM routine, mirrors are checked first to assess the situation; the signal is then given in time for other road users to react before the manoeuvre begins.

Question 67: What makes the crest of a hill particularly hazardous from a hazard perception standpoint?

Traffic always merges at a hill crest
Oncoming vehicles and pedestrians are hidden beyond the crest, requiring reduced speed to a safe stopping distance (Correct answer)
The road always narrows at a hill crest
The road surface is always wet at the top

Correct answer: Oncoming vehicles and pedestrians are hidden beyond the crest, requiring reduced speed to a safe stopping distance

A hill crest cuts off the driver's view of the road ahead; hazards on the other side may not be visible until very close, requiring speed to be reduced so the driver can stop within the distance they can see to be clear.

Question 68: When emerging from a side road onto a main road with limited visibility, what should a driver do?

Accelerate quickly to merge with traffic
Edge forward slowly until a clear view is obtained, then proceed when safe (Correct answer)
Sound the horn before emerging
Wait for a gap of at least 4 seconds before moving

Correct answer: Edge forward slowly until a clear view is obtained, then proceed when safe

Edging forward slowly at junctions with limited visibility allows the driver to extend their sightline gradually without committing to the manoeuvre until it is safe.

Question 69: At what distance must you pass a horse and rider?

Only when the rider signals it is safe
At the same speed as normal traffic
As close as passing a pedestrian
Slowly and with at least 2 m of space (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Slowly and with at least 2 m of space

Rule 215 of the Highway Code advises passing horses and riders slowly, allowing at least 2 m of space, and not accelerating until well clear, as sudden noise or movement can cause horses to bolt.

Question 70: A person using a white cane with a red band is:

Deafblind — requiring extra patience as they may not hear or see your vehicle (Correct answer)
A partially sighted pedestrian
A pedestrian with a mobility impairment
A blind runner requiring road clearance

Correct answer: Deafblind — requiring extra patience as they may not hear or see your vehicle

A white cane with a red band indicates the user is deafblind (both visually impaired and deaf); they cannot hear approaching vehicles or see signals, requiring exceptional patience and care.

Question 71: How should the scanning technique be applied on urban roads with many junctions?

Scan only when approaching a crossing
Only scan when preparing to overtake
Focus on the vehicle immediately ahead only
Use a continuous scanning pattern: far ahead, near ahead, mirrors, sides, repeating constantly (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Use a continuous scanning pattern: far ahead, near ahead, mirrors, sides, repeating constantly

Continuous scanning ensures the driver updates their mental picture of all road users' positions, predicts conflicts and identifies developing hazards before they become emergencies.

Question 72: What is 'scaling' as an instructional technique used by ADIs?

A coaching technique where the learner rates their confidence or ability on a scale (e.g., 1-10), helping them self-assess and identify areas for development (Correct answer)
Measuring the distance driven in a lesson
Weighing the vehicle before each lesson
Adjusting the size of visual aids

Correct answer: A coaching technique where the learner rates their confidence or ability on a scale (e.g., 1-10), helping them self-assess and identify areas for development

Scaling is a coaching technique where the ADI asks the learner to rate themselves on a scale (typically 1-10) regarding their confidence, understanding, or ability in a specific area. This promotes self-reflection and helps both the ADI and learner identify priorities for the lesson.

Question 73: A catalytic converter reduces which emissions from a petrol engine?

Carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons (HC) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) (Correct answer)
CO₂ only
Particulate matter only
CO₂ and water vapour

Correct answer: Carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons (HC) and nitrogen oxides (NOx)

The catalytic converter uses a chemical process to convert harmful exhaust gases — CO, HC and NOx — into less harmful carbon dioxide, water and nitrogen.

Question 74: What specific risk do electric vehicles (EVs) and hybrids pose to pedestrians and cyclists?

Their batteries create a fire risk
They accelerate too slowly to be safe
They have wider turning circles than conventional cars
They are very quiet at low speeds, making it harder for pedestrians to hear them approaching (Correct answer)

Correct answer: They are very quiet at low speeds, making it harder for pedestrians to hear them approaching

EVs and hybrids produce little sound at low speeds; pedestrians (especially those with visual impairments) may step out without hearing the vehicle approaching, creating a collision risk.

Question 75: A flashing amber light at a pelican crossing means:

Proceed as the crossing is clear
Give way to pedestrians still on the crossing before proceeding (Correct answer)
Do not enter the crossing box
Stop — pedestrians are crossing

Correct answer: Give way to pedestrians still on the crossing before proceeding

The flashing amber phase at a pelican crossing follows red; drivers may proceed only when the crossing is clear of pedestrians, giving way to any still on the crossing.

Question 76: What specific duty do cyclists have towards pedestrians on shared-use paths?

Cyclists have absolute priority on shared paths
Cyclists must give way to pedestrians and not intimidate them with speed or proximity (Correct answer)
Cyclists and pedestrians have equal priority and must negotiate informally
Pedestrians must stay on a marked pedestrian section

Correct answer: Cyclists must give way to pedestrians and not intimidate them with speed or proximity

On shared-use paths, cyclists must be considerate of pedestrians, reduce speed when passing and never intimidate them; pedestrians remain the most vulnerable users even on shared paths.

Question 77: Someone is having an epileptic seizure. What should you do?

Restrain them to stop the convulsions
Time the seizure and protect them from injury (Correct answer)
Give them water as soon as the seizure ends
Place something between their teeth to prevent biting

Correct answer: Time the seizure and protect them from injury

You should protect the person from injury, time the seizure, and place them in the recovery position once it stops — never restrain them or put anything in their mouth.

Question 78: During the independent driving section of the test, what should a candidate do if they take a wrong turn?

Perform an emergency stop to correct the error
Continue driving safely — taking a wrong turn is not penalised as long as the candidate drives safely and follows the examiner's subsequent directions (Correct answer)
Apologise to the examiner and request to restart
Stop immediately and reverse back to the correct route

Correct answer: Continue driving safely — taking a wrong turn is not penalised as long as the candidate drives safely and follows the examiner's subsequent directions

Taking a wrong turn during independent driving is not penalised. The candidate should continue driving safely, and the examiner will provide directions to get back on route. What matters is how safely the candidate drives, not whether they follow the exact route.

Question 79: An ADI pupil asks what the examiner is looking for during normal driving between manoeuvres. What should the ADI explain?

The examiner continuously assesses all aspects of driving including observation, use of mirrors, signalling, road positioning, speed control, following distance, anticipation, and response to other road users (Correct answer)
The examiner only marks faults at specific pre-determined points
The examiner only assesses manoeuvres and junction work
Normal driving between manoeuvres is not assessed

Correct answer: The examiner continuously assesses all aspects of driving including observation, use of mirrors, signalling, road positioning, speed control, following distance, anticipation, and response to other road users

The examiner assesses the candidate's driving throughout the entire test, not just during manoeuvres. This includes effective observation, appropriate mirror use, correct signalling, road positioning, speed management, following distance, anticipation, and interaction with other road users.

Question 80: If an ADI fails the standards check with a grade of less than the minimum required, what can happen?

They must immediately stop instructing
They receive a written warning only
Their fee structure is regulated by DVSA
They may be required to pass a further check or have their registration revoked by DVSA (Correct answer)

Correct answer: They may be required to pass a further check or have their registration revoked by DVSA

A poor standards check result can lead to a further check and, if performance is not improved, potential removal from the ADI register, meaning the ADI can no longer legally charge for instruction.

Question 81: When must you give way to pedestrians at junctions?

Only when the pavement ends at the junction
When turning into or out of a side road and pedestrians are crossing or waiting to cross (Correct answer)
Only at signalled crossings at junctions
Pedestrians never have priority at junctions

Correct answer: When turning into or out of a side road and pedestrians are crossing or waiting to cross

The 2022 updated Highway Code (Rule 170) requires drivers to give way to pedestrians crossing or waiting to cross a road into which you are turning.

Question 82: What is the purpose of a trainee driving instructor (pink badge) licence?

To cover all ADI activities during a career break
To allow unqualified instructors to teach indefinitely
To enable retesting of disqualified drivers
To allow a trainee who has passed Part 1 and Part 2 to instruct under supervision for a limited period while preparing for Part 3 (Correct answer)

Correct answer: To allow a trainee who has passed Part 1 and Part 2 to instruct under supervision for a limited period while preparing for Part 3

The trainee licence allows a Part 2 pass holder to provide paid instruction for a maximum of 6 months (extendable once) while preparing for the Part 3 instructional ability test.

Question 83: What does AED stand for?

Automatic External Device
Automated Electronic Defibrillator
Advanced Emergency Defibrillator
Automated External Defibrillator (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Automated External Defibrillator

AED stands for Automated External Defibrillator — a portable device that analyses heart rhythm and delivers a shock if needed.

Question 84: What is the purpose of a debrief at the end of a driving lesson?

To collect payment
To review what was covered, encourage the learner to self-assess, summarise progress and areas for improvement, and agree objectives for the next lesson (Correct answer)
To fill the remaining time until the lesson ends
To complain about other road users encountered during the lesson

Correct answer: To review what was covered, encourage the learner to self-assess, summarise progress and areas for improvement, and agree objectives for the next lesson

The debrief brings the lesson to a purposeful close. It should include: a review of what was practised, encouraging the learner to self-assess (what went well, what to improve), the ADI's summary of progress, and agreeing learning objectives for the next session to maintain continuity.

Question 85: During the driving test, a pupil stalls the engine at a junction. How will this likely be assessed?

It automatically results in a test failure
It depends on the context — a stall alone may be a minor fault, but if it causes danger or the pupil panics and makes the situation worse, it could become a serious or dangerous fault (Correct answer)
It is always a serious fault
It is never marked as a fault

Correct answer: It depends on the context — a stall alone may be a minor fault, but if it causes danger or the pupil panics and makes the situation worse, it could become a serious or dangerous fault

Stalling is not automatically a serious fault. A single stall that is recovered smoothly may be a minor fault or not marked at all. However, if the stall causes danger (e.g., at a busy junction), if the candidate panics, or if repeated stalls indicate a lack of control, it could be assessed as serious or dangerous.

Question 86: What does a red battery warning light indicate while driving?

The battery just needs topping up with water
The charging system has failed and the battery is discharging — the car may soon lose electrical power (Correct answer)
The vehicle requires a software update
The battery is nearly empty — charge it tonight

Correct answer: The charging system has failed and the battery is discharging — the car may soon lose electrical power

A red battery light while driving indicates the alternator is not charging the battery; the vehicle will continue to run temporarily on battery reserve, but electrical systems will fail progressively.

Question 87: In the context of hazard perception, a 'developing hazard' is defined as:

A potential hazard that is changing and will require the driver to take action (Correct answer)
An unavoidable road condition
A static hazard such as a parked car
Any situation visible more than 100 m ahead

Correct answer: A potential hazard that is changing and will require the driver to take action

A developing hazard is a situation that is actively changing (e.g. a car pulling out, a pedestrian stepping off the kerb) and which will require the driver to take action such as braking or steering.

Question 88: Peripheral vision is important for hazard perception because it:

Detects movement at the edges of the field of view before it enters the area of focused attention (Correct answer)
Is less affected by alcohol than central vision
Is only relevant at night
Provides the clearest detail of distant objects

Correct answer: Detects movement at the edges of the field of view before it enters the area of focused attention

Peripheral vision detects movement before the driver consciously focuses on it, providing early warning of emerging hazards from the sides such as pedestrians stepping from pavements.

Question 89: Why is the 'what if?' question a valuable teaching tool for ADIs?

It trains pupils to anticipate potential hazards by imagining the worst credible outcome of each road situation (Correct answer)
It teaches the Highway Code rules directly
It replaces the need for hazard perception tests
It is only used in Pass Plus training

Correct answer: It trains pupils to anticipate potential hazards by imagining the worst credible outcome of each road situation

Asking 'what if that child runs out?' or 'what if the parked van moves off?' encourages pupils to plan for potential problems rather than reacting only to actual events.

Question 90: A circular sign with a red border and a figure of a walker crossing means:

Pedestrians have priority always
A controlled pedestrian crossing ahead
No pedestrians — they are prohibited from this road (Correct answer)
A pedestrian zone operates at certain times

Correct answer: No pedestrians — they are prohibited from this road

A red-bordered circle is a prohibition sign; with a pedestrian figure, it means pedestrians are prohibited from that road or section of road.

Question 91: What should an ADI teach their pupil about the emergency stop during the driving test?

It is included in every test
The engine must be switched off during the stop
The candidate should use the handbrake immediately
It is carried out in approximately 1 in 3 tests, and the candidate must stop the vehicle promptly and under full control while checking their mirrors before moving off again (Correct answer)

Correct answer: It is carried out in approximately 1 in 3 tests, and the candidate must stop the vehicle promptly and under full control while checking their mirrors before moving off again

The emergency stop is included in roughly 1 in 3 driving tests. The examiner will give a signal (usually raising their hand and saying 'Stop!') and the candidate must stop quickly and safely, maintaining control. Before moving off again, the candidate must check mirrors and blind spots.

Question 92: How does tiredness affect hazard perception and what should a driver do?

A 5-minute break every 4 hours is sufficient
Tiredness improves concentration through adrenalin
Tiredness slows cognitive processing and reduces the ability to detect and respond to hazards; the only cure is sleep (Correct answer)
A radio and an open window restore full alertness for the journey

Correct answer: Tiredness slows cognitive processing and reduces the ability to detect and respond to hazards; the only cure is sleep

Fatigue impairs attention, slows reaction time and reduces hazard detection ability; opening a window or turning on the radio provides only minutes of relief; the only real remedy is stopping and sleeping.

Question 93: Which factor has the greatest effect on a driver's reaction time?

Tyre condition
Vehicle weight
Alcohol, fatigue or drug use (Correct answer)
Weather conditions

Correct answer: Alcohol, fatigue or drug use

Alcohol, drugs (including prescribed medication) and fatigue all significantly increase reaction time; even small impairments extend thinking distance substantially at any speed.

Question 94: What is the maximum overall height of a loaded vehicle that can use UK roads without special permission?

4.0 metres
6.0 metres
3.0 metres
There is no legal maximum height, but drivers must be aware of low bridges (the standard UK bridge clearance is 5.03 metres or 16 feet 6 inches) and plan routes accordingly (Correct answer)

Correct answer: There is no legal maximum height, but drivers must be aware of low bridges (the standard UK bridge clearance is 5.03 metres or 16 feet 6 inches) and plan routes accordingly

There is no specific legal maximum height for vehicles on UK roads, but the standard bridge clearance is 5.03 metres (16'6"). Drivers of high vehicles must know their vehicle's height, plan routes to avoid low bridges, and be alert to height restriction signs. Bridge strikes cause significant disruption and are an offence.

Question 95: A learner encounters a red triangle sign showing two arrows pointing in opposite directions (up and down). What does this warn about?

Road narrows ahead
Traffic merging from the left
Two-way traffic ahead (Correct answer)
Dual carriageway ahead

Correct answer: Two-way traffic ahead

This warning sign indicates two-way traffic ahead. It is commonly placed on one-way streets or on the approach to the end of a dual carriageway, where drivers need to be aware that traffic will be coming towards them.

Question 96: When teaching lane discipline on a dual carriageway, which lane should the learner normally use?

The right-hand lane for better visibility
The left-hand lane unless overtaking or turning right (Correct answer)
The middle lane on a three-lane dual carriageway
Any lane depending on personal preference

Correct answer: The left-hand lane unless overtaking or turning right

The Highway Code states that drivers should keep to the left-hand lane unless overtaking. Middle-lane hogging is an offence and can result in a fixed penalty notice. The right-hand lane is for overtaking only.

Question 97: The ADI Part 1 theory test consists of how many multiple-choice questions and what is the pass mark?

100 questions, 85 correct (Correct answer)
60 questions, 50 correct
80 questions, 70 correct
50 questions, 43 correct

Correct answer: 100 questions, 85 correct

The ADI Part 1 theory test comprises 100 multiple-choice questions (from five bands), requiring at least 85 correct answers, plus a hazard perception test with 14 clips requiring a minimum score of 57/75.

Question 98: A client-centred approach to driving instruction means the ADI should:

Use the same lesson plan for all pupils of the same age
Focus exclusively on test requirements regardless of pupil concerns
Identify and adapt to the individual needs, goals and learning style of each pupil (Correct answer)
Set the agenda for every lesson without consulting the pupil

Correct answer: Identify and adapt to the individual needs, goals and learning style of each pupil

Client-centred instruction tailors the lesson to the pupil's individual learning needs, level of ability and personal goals, rather than applying a one-size-fits-all approach.

Question 99: What is the PRIMARY purpose of placing an unconscious casualty in the recovery position?

To reduce the risk of the casualty going into shock
To slow the rate of blood loss
To keep them comfortable until help arrives
To prevent the airway from becoming blocked (Correct answer)

Correct answer: To prevent the airway from becoming blocked

The recovery position tilts the head to keep the airway open and allows fluids such as vomit to drain away, preventing asphyxiation.

Question 100: Why should ADIs teach pupils to check mirrors more frequently in slow-moving congested traffic?

To admire the surroundings
Because the speed limit changes more often in congestion
Because motorcyclists and cyclists may be filtering alongside, increasing the risk of a collision when changing position (Correct answer)
To maintain awareness of following distance from the car behind only

Correct answer: Because motorcyclists and cyclists may be filtering alongside, increasing the risk of a collision when changing position

In slow traffic, motorcyclists and cyclists frequently filter between lanes; regular mirror checks allow the driver to detect them before changing position and avoid a collision.

DVSA ADI Part 1 Theory Test

The DVSA ADI Part 1 Theory Test is the first stage of becoming an Approved Driving Instructor in the UK, testing knowledge of road procedure, highway code, traffic signs, hazard perception, vehicle safety, instructional techniques, and ADI regulations.

100

Questions

90 min

Time Limit

85%

To Pass

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These practice questions were written with AI tools. They are not real exam questions. Exam facts are checked against the official sources listed below. Not reviewed by a subject-matter expert. Editorial policy

Sources & references

Exam facts on this page (fees, format, dates, passing scores) are checked against these official sources; the date is our last check. Editorial policy

gov.uk — Exam format, retake policy, score release, score validity, exam information · verified Oct 2026
safedrivingforlife.info — Eligibility, time limit, test delivery, fees · verified Oct 2026