General Knowledge Flashcards

In a clinical trial, what is 'blinding' designed to prevent?

Answer: Bias from participants or researchers knowing treatment allocation

Blinding prevents knowledge of treatment assignment from influencing participant behaviour or researcher assessments, reducing bias.

What does BMI stand for?

Answer: Body Mass Index

Body Mass Index (BMI) is a measure of body fat based on weight in relation to height, calculated as kg/m².

Which of these is an example of a primary preventive health measure?

Answer: Vaccination against influenza

Primary prevention aims to prevent disease before it occurs; vaccination reduces the risk of contracting influenza.

The Hippocratic principle 'primum non nocere' translates to:

Answer: First, do no harm

'Primum non nocere' is a core medical ethical principle meaning clinicians should avoid causing unnecessary harm.

Which of the following is the correct order of the scientific method?

Answer: Observation → Hypothesis → Experiment → Conclusion

The scientific method begins with observation, leading to a hypothesis, which is tested through experiment, and results in a conclusion.

What is 'informed consent' in healthcare?

Answer: A patient voluntarily agreeing to treatment after receiving adequate information

Informed consent is a patient's voluntary agreement to a proposed treatment after being given sufficient information about risks, benefits, and alternatives.

Which of the following statements about antibiotics is correct?

Answer: Antibiotics work by targeting bacterial structures or functions

Antibiotics target structures unique to bacteria, such as cell walls or ribosomes, and are not effective against viruses.