Physical Security Operations Flashcards

What is the 'defense in depth' concept in physical security?

Answer: Layering multiple security measures so that a failure of one does not compromise overall security

Defense in depth uses multiple overlapping security layers — perimeter barriers, access control, cameras, patrols — so that defeating one layer does not give an attacker full access.

What is a 'lockdown' procedure and when should it be initiated?

Answer: A procedure that restricts movement within a facility in response to an active threat or emergency

A lockdown restricts movement in and out of a facility in response to an active threat — such as an active shooter, violent intruder, or similar emergency — to protect occupants in place.

What is 'tailgating' in physical security, and how should it be addressed?

Answer: One person following another through a secured entry without using their own credentials — mitigated by security officers controlling access points

Tailgating occurs when an unauthorized person follows an authorized person through a secured door. Officers must monitor access points and challenge anyone who enters without using their own credentials.

When conducting a vehicle search at an entry control point, what standard must a security officer meet?

Answer: The search must be authorized by the property owner or policy, and the driver must consent or be notified that entry is conditional on a search

Private security officers do not have Fourth Amendment search authority, but can conduct vehicle searches on private property when authorized by property policy and with driver consent or consent implied by the conditions of entry.

What is the purpose of a 'key control' policy in a physical security program?

Answer: To track the issuance, use, and return of physical keys to prevent unauthorized duplication and access

Key control programs maintain accountability for all physical keys — tracking who has which keys, preventing unauthorized duplication, and requiring immediate reporting of lost keys.

What is an 'emergency action plan' (EAP) and why must security officers be familiar with it?

Answer: A documented plan specifying procedures for responding to various emergencies, which officers must know to coordinate evacuation and emergency response

Emergency action plans outline what to do in various emergencies (fire, medical, active threat). Security officers are often first responders and must know the EAP to direct evacuation and coordinate with emergency services.