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TOPIK Korean Pronunciation and Phonology Flashcards

6 cards from real TOPIK practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

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  1. How many basic consonants are in the Korean alphabet (Hangul)?

    Answer: 14

    There are 14 basic consonants in Hangul.

  2. What phonological process causes the final consonant 'ㄱ' to be pronounced as 'ㅇ' before a following vowel?

    Answer: Liaison (연음)

    Liaison (연음, yeonum) causes a final consonant to link to the initial vowel of the next syllable.

  3. Which Korean vowel is known as the 'ah' sound and is represented by the Hangul character 'ㅏ'?

    Answer: ㅏ

    ㅏ represents the open 'ah' vowel sound in Korean.

  4. What happens to the aspirated consonant 'ㅎ' when it follows a voiced segment in casual speech?

    Answer: It is often weakened or deleted

    In natural speech, intervocalic ㅎ tends to weaken or disappear, e.g., 좋아요 pronounced [조아요].

  5. In Korean, the consonant cluster rule (겹받침) means that when two final consonants appear, which one is generally pronounced?

    Answer: The one determined by the following sound

    Which consonant in a 겹받침 cluster is pronounced depends on what follows—a consonant or a vowel.

  6. Which phonological rule explains why '신라' is pronounced [실라] in Korean?

    Answer: Lateralization (유음화)

    Lateralization (유음화) causes ㄴ adjacent to ㄹ to change to ㄹ, making 신라 sound like [실라].

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Sources & references

Exam facts on this page (fees, format, dates, passing scores) are checked against these official sources; the date is our last check. Editorial policy

  1. niied.go.kr — Exam information · verified Oct 2026
  2. topik.go.kr — Test delivery, eligibility, exam format, passing score, time limit, fees, score validity · verified Oct 2026