TOEFL Sentence Simplification Questions 3

Question 1

Original: "Unless funding increases, the research center will close by next year." Which sentence best simplifies it?

Accepted Answer

The center will close next year if funding does not increase.

Answer

'Unless' marks a condition: no increased funding leads to closure.

Question 2

Original: "The author argues that, contrary to popular belief, dieting alone rarely produces lasting weight loss." Which sentence best simplifies it?

Accepted Answer

The author claims dieting by itself seldom leads to permanent weight loss.

Answer

It keeps the author's claim that dieting alone rarely gives lasting results.

Question 3

Original: "Having reviewed all the evidence, the jury reached its verdict quickly." Which sentence best simplifies it?

Accepted Answer

After reviewing all the evidence, the jury decided quickly.

Answer

The participial phrase shows the review preceded the quick verdict.

Question 4

When two clauses in the original are linked by 'however,' a correct simplification should show what relationship?

Accepted Answer

A contrast between the two ideas

Answer

'However' signals contrast, which the simplified sentence must preserve.

Question 5

Original: "The species thrives in warm climates, whereas its close relative prefers colder regions." Which sentence best simplifies it?

Accepted Answer

The species likes warm climates, but its relative prefers cold ones.

Answer

'Whereas' marks the contrast between warm-loving and cold-preferring species.

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