Nutrition Flashcards

A nurse is teaching a client about dietary sources of complete proteins. Which food contains all essential amino acids?

Answer: Chicken breast

Chicken breast is an animal-based food that provides all nine essential amino acids, making it a complete protein source.

A client is prescribed a potassium-restricted diet. Which food should the nurse instruct the client to avoid?

Answer: Bananas

Bananas are high in potassium and should be avoided by clients on a potassium-restricted diet.

Which vitamin deficiency is most commonly associated with night blindness?

Answer: Vitamin A

Vitamin A is essential for the production of rhodopsin in the retina, and its deficiency leads to night blindness.

A nurse is caring for a client with iron-deficiency anemia. Which food combination best enhances iron absorption?

Answer: Red meat and orange juice

Vitamin C found in orange juice enhances the absorption of non-heme and heme iron from red meat.

Which macronutrient provides 9 kilocalories per gram?

Answer: Fat

Dietary fat provides 9 kcal/g, which is more than double the 4 kcal/g provided by carbohydrates or protein.

A nurse is educating a pregnant client about folic acid. Why is adequate folic acid intake critical during the first trimester?

Answer: To reduce risk of neural tube defects

Folic acid is essential during early fetal development to prevent neural tube defects such as spina bifida and anencephaly.

Which type of dietary fiber helps lower LDL cholesterol levels by binding bile acids in the intestine?

Answer: Soluble fiber

Soluble fiber forms a gel in the GI tract that binds bile acids, reducing their reabsorption and lowering LDL cholesterol.