TDC - Theoretical Driving Course Exam — Questions and Answers

Question 1: A driver caught beating a red light for the second time within a year faces:

License suspension in addition to a higher fine (Correct answer)
The same fine as the first offense
Double the fine of the first offense
Permanent license revocation

Correct answer: License suspension in addition to a higher fine

Repeat traffic violations within a short period result in escalated penalties including license suspension.

Question 2: While driving, a red warning light shaped like an oil can illuminates on your dashboard. What is the most appropriate immediate action to take?

Increase your speed to see if the light turns off.
Turn up the radio to ignore the warning chime.
Continue driving to your destination and check it later.
Safely pull over, stop the engine, and check the engine oil level. (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Safely pull over, stop the engine, and check the engine oil level.

This warning light indicates dangerously low oil pressure, which can cause severe engine damage very quickly. The correct and safest response is to pull over as soon as possible, turn off the engine, and investigate the cause, starting with the oil level.

Question 3: Under the LTO's demerit point system for drivers with a 10-year license validity, what is the direct consequence of accumulating 10 or more demerit points?

The driver is required to retake the practical driving examination.
The driver must pay an additional fee for every point over ten.
The driver's license is immediately suspended for 30 days.
The driver will no longer be eligible for a 10-year validity upon their next renewal and will be issued a 5-year license instead. (Correct answer)

Correct answer: The driver will no longer be eligible for a 10-year validity upon their next renewal and will be issued a 5-year license instead.

The 10-year license validity is a privilege for drivers who maintain a clean record. According to the LTO's system, accumulating 10 or more demerit points means the driver has committed multiple violations, making them ineligible for another 10-year license at their next renewal. They will revert to a 5-year validity period.

Question 4: When two vehicles reach an uncontrolled intersection at the same time, who has the right of way?

The vehicle on the right (Correct answer)
The vehicle on the left
The vehicle traveling at a higher speed
The larger vehicle

Correct answer: The vehicle on the right

At an uncontrolled intersection when vehicles arrive simultaneously, the driver on the left must yield to the vehicle on the right — this is the 'yield to the right' rule.

Question 5: A driver is caught using their mobile phone to send a text message while their vehicle is temporarily stopped at a red traffic light. According to RA 10913 (Anti-Distracted Driving Act), is this action a violation?

Yes, but only if the driver is in a designated 'No Texting' zone.
No, because the law only applies to making phone calls.
Yes, because the law prohibits using a device for texting while on a public road, including when momentarily stopped at a traffic light. (Correct answer)
No, because the vehicle is not in motion.

Correct answer: Yes, because the law prohibits using a device for texting while on a public road, including when momentarily stopped at a traffic light.

The Anti-Distracted Driving Act (RA 10913) explicitly states that the prohibition applies to vehicles in motion or those that are temporarily stopped at a traffic light or intersection.

Question 6: According to LTO guidelines, what is the proper placement for an Early Warning Device (EWD) when a vehicle is stalled on a highway?

Placed directly on the vehicle's roof to be more visible.
At least 1 meter from the front and rear of the vehicle.
Only at the rear of the vehicle, about 10 meters away.
At least 4 meters away from both the front and rear of the vehicle. (Correct answer)

Correct answer: At least 4 meters away from both the front and rear of the vehicle.

LTO regulations specify that when a vehicle is stalled, the EWD should be installed at least four meters away from the front and rear of the motor vehicle to give oncoming traffic adequate warning.

Question 7: When is it legal to make a U-turn?

Whenever the driver needs to reverse direction quickly
On any straight road when traffic is light
At any intersection as long as no other vehicle is visible
Only where signs or road markings specifically permit it (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Only where signs or road markings specifically permit it

U-turns are only lawful where explicitly permitted by signs or markings. Many locations — near hills, curves, intersections, and pedestrian crossings — prohibit them for safety.

Question 8: When is it acceptable to park in a handicapped/PWD parking space?

Only when displaying a valid PWD parking permit (Correct answer)
When all other spaces are full
When you will only be parked for 5 minutes
Anyone can use these spaces at night

Correct answer: Only when displaying a valid PWD parking permit

PWD parking spaces are reserved exclusively for vehicles displaying valid PWD permits.

Question 9: Running a red light may result in which penalty?

Fine and demerit points (Correct answer)
Mandatory court appearance
License revocation
Verbal warning

Correct answer: Fine and demerit points

Running a red light is a dangerous traffic violation that significantly increases the risk of collisions at intersections. As a consequence, drivers are typically issued a monetary fine. Additionally, demerit points are often added to their driving record, which can lead to higher insurance premiums or, if accumulated, license suspension, emphasizing the need to obey traffic signals.

Question 10: How can a driver prevent rear-end collisions?

Drive as close as possible to the car in front
Rely solely on brakes to stop
Maintain a safe following distance (Correct answer)
Accelerate when approaching a stop sign

Correct answer: Maintain a safe following distance

Keeping a safe distance gives drivers enough time to react and avoid collisions.

Question 11: What is the purpose of a rumble strip on the road?

To indicate a pedestrian crossing ahead
To indicate a speed zone change
To mark a construction zone
To alert drowsy or inattentive drivers that they are drifting out of their lane (Correct answer)

Correct answer: To alert drowsy or inattentive drivers that they are drifting out of their lane

Rumble strips create vibrations and noise to warn drivers who may be drifting due to drowsiness or inattention.

Question 12: What does a yellow traffic light indicate?

Ignore and continue driving
Proceed at normal speed
Prepare to stop if it is safe to do so (Correct answer)
Stop immediately

Correct answer: Prepare to stop if it is safe to do so

A yellow light warns drivers to prepare to stop before the light turns red.

Question 13: A blue circular sign with a white arrow pointing left means:

Left lane closed
No left turn
U-turn allowed
Turn left mandatory (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Turn left mandatory

A blue circular sign with a white arrow pointing left is a mandatory instruction sign. It indicates that drivers *must* turn left at that intersection or point, rather than having an option. These signs are used to direct traffic flow and ensure drivers follow specific routes, often for safety or traffic management purposes, preventing confusion and accidents.

Question 14: In defensive driving, 'scanning' refers to:

Keeping your eyes fixed on the vehicle directly in front of you
Reading road signs at least 100 metres before reaching them
Using your rear-view mirror exclusively while reversing
Continuously moving your eyes to monitor the road ahead, to the sides, and behind (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Continuously moving your eyes to monitor the road ahead, to the sides, and behind

Scanning means actively and continuously moving your eyes — checking mirrors, the road ahead, and peripheral areas — so you gather information about developing hazards before they become emergencies, giving you more time to react.

Question 15: What is the minimum age to obtain a student permit for a non-professional driver's license?

17 years old (Correct answer)
15 years old
18 years old
16 years old

Correct answer: 17 years old

Applicants must be at least 17 years old for a non-professional student permit.

Question 16: Which of the following is the most appropriate and courteous way to react to an aggressive driver who is tailgating you?

Gesture at the driver to back off.
Increase your speed to create more distance.
Brake suddenly to warn them.
Safely change lanes and let the driver pass. (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Safely change lanes and let the driver pass.

The safest and most defensive action is to de-escalate the situation. Instead of engaging in aggressive behavior yourself, it is best to remove yourself from the situation by safely moving over and allowing the aggressive driver to pass.

Question 17: Which dashboard indicator warns of engine overheating?

Engine temperature gauge or warning light (Correct answer)
Oil pressure warning light
Fuel level warning light
Battery charge indicator

Correct answer: Engine temperature gauge or warning light

The engine temperature gauge monitors coolant temperature and alerts when the engine is overheating.

Question 18: Which government agency issues driver's licenses in the Philippines?

LTFRB
MMDA
Land Transportation Office (Correct answer)
Department of Transportation

Correct answer: Land Transportation Office

The LTO is the agency mandated to issue, renew, and manage driver's licenses.

Question 19: What does a sign with a black cross on a yellow background indicate?

Railroad crossing ahead
Church zone ahead
Hospital ahead
Intersection or crossroad ahead (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Intersection or crossroad ahead

A black cross on a yellow diamond indicates an intersection ahead where roads cross.

Question 20: The two-second rule is used to determine:

The time allowed to pass through a yellow light
How long to wait at a stop sign
How quickly to change lanes
The minimum safe following distance behind another vehicle (Correct answer)

Correct answer: The minimum safe following distance behind another vehicle

The two-second rule provides a minimum safe following distance.

Question 21: What is the purpose of the vehicle's coolant system?

To cool the transmission
To maintain the engine at its optimal operating temperature (Correct answer)
To provide cool air to the cabin
To cool the brakes during heavy use

Correct answer: To maintain the engine at its optimal operating temperature

The coolant system circulates fluid through the engine to absorb excess heat and maintain optimal operating temperature.

Question 22: Which of the following is the most common cause of road accidents in the Philippines?

Poor road conditions
Animal crossings
Human error and reckless driving (Correct answer)
Mechanical failure

Correct answer: Human error and reckless driving

Studies consistently show that human error accounts for the vast majority of road accidents.

Question 23: What is the maximum speed limit for passenger cars on national highways unless otherwise posted?

80 km/h (Correct answer)
60 km/h
40 km/h
100 km/h

Correct answer: 80 km/h

The default speed limit on national highways is 80 km/h for passenger vehicles.

Question 24: When is it most dangerous to drive in rainy conditions?

At night only
During light drizzle
After heavy rainfall
At the start of the rain (Correct answer)

Correct answer: At the start of the rain

The initial rain mixes with oil and dirt on the road, making surfaces slippery.

Question 25: If your vehicle breaks down and you are forced to stop on the shoulder of a busy expressway, which of the following actions is most crucial for your safety?

Stand behind your vehicle to wave at oncoming traffic.
Leave your vehicle immediately and walk to the nearest exit for help.
Attempt to fix the problem yourself immediately.
Turn on your hazard lights, and if safe, exit the vehicle from the passenger side away from traffic. (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Turn on your hazard lights, and if safe, exit the vehicle from the passenger side away from traffic.

On a busy expressway, personal safety is paramount. After pulling over, you should make your vehicle visible with hazard lights. If you need to exit, doing so on the side away from fast-moving traffic minimizes risk. Standing behind the vehicle or walking on the expressway is extremely dangerous.

Question 26: A road sign showing a truck on a slope indicates:

Steep downhill grade ahead requiring lower gear (Correct answer)
Truck parking available ahead
Steep uphill grade ahead
Trucks only lane ahead

Correct answer: Steep downhill grade ahead requiring lower gear

This warning sign alerts drivers to a steep downhill section where lower gears should be used.

Question 27: Defensive driving is primarily about:

Asserting your right-of-way to maintain traffic flow.
Anticipating potential hazards and the mistakes of others. (Correct answer)
Relying on other drivers to follow traffic rules.
Driving slowly at all times to avoid accidents.

Correct answer: Anticipating potential hazards and the mistakes of others.

The core principle of defensive driving is being proactive rather than reactive. It involves staying alert, scanning the road, and anticipating potential dangers or errors from other road users to prevent accidents before they happen.

Question 28: What is the primary safety risk of driving while impaired by alcohol or drugs?

Minor vehicle damage due to poor spatial judgment
Receiving a costly traffic citation
Reduced fuel efficiency from erratic driving
Greatly increased risk of crashes, serious injuries, and fatalities (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Greatly increased risk of crashes, serious injuries, and fatalities

Impaired driving dramatically increases crash risk and is one of the leading causes of traffic fatalities in the United States.

Question 29: What is the purpose of brake fluid?

To cool brake rotors
To clean the brake system
To transmit hydraulic pressure from the brake pedal to the brake calipers or drums (Correct answer)
To lubricate brake pads

Correct answer: To transmit hydraulic pressure from the brake pedal to the brake calipers or drums

Brake fluid transfers the force from the brake pedal to the braking mechanisms at each wheel.

Question 30: Which of the following is a mandatory insurance requirement mandated by the LTO for a motor vehicle to be legally registered and used on Philippine roads?

Comprehensive Vehicle Insurance
Personal Accident Insurance
Acts of God/Nature Insurance
Compulsory Third-Party Liability (CTPL) Insurance (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Compulsory Third-Party Liability (CTPL) Insurance

The Land Transportation Office (LTO) legally requires all motor vehicle owners to secure Compulsory Third-Party Liability (CTPL) insurance. This is a prerequisite for initial registration and annual renewal, ensuring that victims of road accidents are financially protected for bodily injury or death.

Question 31: What happens if a driver's license is revoked by the LTO?

The driver must wait for the revocation period and may need to reapply from scratch (Correct answer)
The driver's family members are also prohibited
The driver can apply for a new license immediately
The driver is permanently banned forever

Correct answer: The driver must wait for the revocation period and may need to reapply from scratch

License revocation cancels the driving privilege, and the driver must wait then reapply from scratch.

Question 32: If an ambulance with flashing lights and siren is approaching from behind, a driver should:

Speed up to get out of the way faster
Pull over to the right side of the road and stop (Correct answer)
Ignore it if you are on a multi-lane road
Stop immediately in the current lane

Correct answer: Pull over to the right side of the road and stop

Drivers must yield to emergency vehicles by pulling to the right and stopping.

Question 33: When must a driver use turn signals?

Only when other vehicles are nearby
Turn signals are optional
Only when turning at intersections
When turning, changing lanes, merging, or pulling away from the curb (Correct answer)

Correct answer: When turning, changing lanes, merging, or pulling away from the curb

Turn signals must be used for any change in direction or lane position.

Question 34: What is the primary purpose of road safety regulations?

To enforce strict penalties
To reduce accidents and injuries (Correct answer)
To increase vehicle speed
To control traffic volume

Correct answer: To reduce accidents and injuries

Road safety regulations aim to protect all road users by preventing accidents and minimizing harm.

Question 35: How far behind a disabled vehicle should an early warning device be placed on a highway?

4 meters minimum, farther on high-speed roads (Correct answer)
It should be placed in front of the vehicle only
1 meter
Directly behind the vehicle's bumper

Correct answer: 4 meters minimum, farther on high-speed roads

The EWD should be placed at least 4 meters behind, with greater distances on highways.

Question 36: What is the maximum penalty for reckless driving that results in physical injury?

Lifetime driving ban
PHP 2,000 fine only
Fine of up to PHP 10,000 and imprisonment of up to 6 months (Correct answer)
PHP 500 fine and license suspension

Correct answer: Fine of up to PHP 10,000 and imprisonment of up to 6 months

Reckless driving causing injury carries both financial penalties and possible imprisonment.

Question 37: What does a road sign showing a car with curved skid lines on yellow background warn about?

Road narrowing ahead
Slippery road surface when wet (Correct answer)
Racing zone ahead
Speed bump ahead

Correct answer: Slippery road surface when wet

This warning sign indicates the road surface ahead may become slippery.

Question 38: What happens to a driver's license after accumulating a certain number of traffic violation points?

The driver receives a congratulatory letter
The license may be suspended or revoked (Correct answer)
Nothing, points expire after one year
The license is automatically renewed

Correct answer: The license may be suspended or revoked

Accumulated traffic violation points can lead to license suspension or revocation.

Question 39: When two vehicles arrive at an unsignalized intersection at the same time, which vehicle has the right-of-way?

The vehicle on the left.
The vehicle that is moving faster.
The vehicle that arrives first.
The vehicle on the right. (Correct answer)

Correct answer: The vehicle on the right.

The 'right-hand rule' states that when two vehicles reach an intersection without traffic signals at approximately the same time, the driver of the vehicle on the left must yield the right-of-way to the vehicle on the right.

Question 40: What is the legal Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC) limit for non-commercial drivers in most US states?

0.10%
0.05%
0.04%
0.08% (Correct answer)

Correct answer: 0.08%

The legal BAC limit for non-commercial drivers in most US states is 0.08%, at which point a driver is considered legally impaired.

Question 41: What does 'yielding the right of way' mean in road courtesy?

Always driving faster than other vehicles
Stopping at every intersection even without a stop sign
Waving to other drivers as you pass them
Allowing another vehicle or pedestrian to proceed before you in the interest of safety (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Allowing another vehicle or pedestrian to proceed before you in the interest of safety

Yielding means allowing others to go first, which prevents conflicts and promotes safe traffic flow.

Question 42: What is the recommended following distance when driving at highway speeds in good weather conditions?

5 seconds
3 seconds (Correct answer)
1 second
2 seconds

Correct answer: 3 seconds

The 3-second following distance rule provides adequate reaction time and braking distance at highway speeds in normal conditions.

Question 43: You notice the temperature gauge on your dashboard is pointing to 'H' or is in the red zone. What does this most likely indicate?

The outside weather is extremely hot.
The engine is overheating, which requires immediate attention. (Correct answer)
The engine is running at its optimal temperature.
The vehicle's heating and air conditioning system is malfunctioning.

Correct answer: The engine is overheating, which requires immediate attention.

The temperature gauge monitors the engine's coolant temperature. A reading in the 'H' (Hot) or red zone signifies that the engine is overheating, a serious condition that can lead to significant engine damage if not addressed promptly.

Question 44: How far from an intersection must a vehicle be parked?

At least 15 meters
No restriction
At least 6 meters (Correct answer)
At least 3 meters

Correct answer: At least 6 meters

Vehicles must be at least 6 meters from an intersection for visibility.

Question 45: During a sudden earthquake while driving, a driver should:

Slowly pull over away from overpasses, bridges, and power lines, and stay inside (Correct answer)
Continue driving normally
Exit the vehicle and lie flat on the road
Speed up to reach the nearest building

Correct answer: Slowly pull over away from overpasses, bridges, and power lines, and stay inside

Pulling over in an open area away from structures provides the safest shelter.

Question 46: You are driving on a main road and a car is exiting a private driveway to your right. What should you do?

Speed up to pass them quickly.
Maintain your speed and right-of-way. (Correct answer)
Stop and let them enter the road.
Honk to let them know you are passing.

Correct answer: Maintain your speed and right-of-way.

Vehicles traveling on a main road or highway have the right-of-way over vehicles entering from a private road, driveway, or side road. The entering vehicle must yield until it is safe to proceed.

Question 47: A driver is apprehended for the first time for violating RA 10586 (Anti-Drunk and Drugged Driving Act). Their blood alcohol level is over the prescribed limit, but no collision or injury occurred. What is the penalty for this offense?

Community service and a mandatory seminar.
A written warning and confiscation of the vehicle.
Three months of imprisonment and a fine. (Correct answer)
Permanent revocation of the driver's license.

Correct answer: Three months of imprisonment and a fine.

Under Republic Act No. 10586, a first-time conviction for driving under the influence of alcohol where it does not result in physical injuries or homicide is penalized with three months of imprisonment and a fine ranging from P20,000 to P80,000.

Question 48: How many hours of classroom instruction does the LTO-mandated Theoretical Driving Course (TDC) require?

8 hours (Correct answer)
4 hours
12 hours
15 hours

Correct answer: 8 hours

The LTO requires 8 hours of Theoretical Driving Course (TDC) classroom instruction covering traffic laws, road signs, and safe driving practices. This is separate from the 7-hour Practical Driving Course (PDC), making the total 15 hours.

Question 49: Your vehicle's brakes suddenly fail while going downhill. What should you do first?

Open the car door to create drag
Downshift to a lower gear to use engine braking (Correct answer)
Apply the accelerator to gain control
Turn off the engine immediately

Correct answer: Downshift to a lower gear to use engine braking

Downshifting uses engine compression to slow the vehicle — a safe first response. If brakes still fail, the handbrake or a roadside escape ramp can be used next.

Question 50: What does a rectangular green sign with white text reading 'NEXT EXIT 2 KM' mean?

The speed limit changes in 2 km
The next highway exit is 2 km ahead (Correct answer)
A toll booth is 2 km away
A rest area is 2 km away

Correct answer: The next highway exit is 2 km ahead

Green guide signs on expressways provide advance notice of upcoming exits with distance information.

Question 51: What is angle parking and where is it commonly used?

Parking in a circular pattern around a building
Parking perpendicular to the sidewalk
Parking at a random angle wherever there is space
Parking diagonally to the curb at a set angle, in parking lots and wide streets (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Parking diagonally to the curb at a set angle, in parking lots and wide streets

Angle parking positions vehicles diagonally, commonly in parking lots and commercial streets.

Question 52: What is the main purpose of a vehicle's transmission system?

To absorb road shocks for passenger comfort
To transfer engine power to the wheels at varying speed ratios (Correct answer)
To control the steering system
To generate engine power

Correct answer: To transfer engine power to the wheels at varying speed ratios

The transmission adjusts the gear ratio between the engine and wheels for efficient operation at different speeds.

Question 53: Under Philippine law, parking is prohibited in several places to ensure safety and traffic flow. Which of the following locations is explicitly mentioned as a no-parking zone?

In front of a commercial establishment after business hours
Within 10 meters of a bus stop
In front of a private driveway (Correct answer)
On a one-way street with three lanes

Correct answer: In front of a private driveway

RA 4136, the Land Transportation and Traffic Code, explicitly prohibits parking in front of a private driveway, as it obstructs access for the property owner.

Question 54: What does a yellow curb marking typically indicate in the Philippines?

Parking is permitted for up to 30 minutes
Loading and unloading only during specified hours (Correct answer)
Parking is reserved for government vehicles
Parking is prohibited at all times

Correct answer: Loading and unloading only during specified hours

A yellow curb marking generally designates a loading and unloading zone that is restricted to those activities during specified hours. It signals that extended parking is not permitted in that area.

Question 55: While driving, you approach an intersection with a solid white horizontal line painted across your lane. What does this pavement marking signify?

A pedestrian crossing is ahead.
Overtaking is permitted.
It indicates the center of the road.
You must stop before this line. (Correct answer)

Correct answer: You must stop before this line.

A solid white horizontal line, also known as a stop line, indicates the point where vehicles must come to a complete stop for a stop sign or a red traffic light.

Question 56: When driving on a road with a designated bicycle lane, motor vehicles must:

Use the bicycle lane when traffic is heavy
Share the bicycle lane during peak hours
Park in the bicycle lane for brief stops
Never drive in or obstruct the bicycle lane (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Never drive in or obstruct the bicycle lane

Motor vehicles are prohibited from driving in, parking in, or obstructing bicycle lanes.

Question 57: When your vehicle breaks down on a highway, where should you place your early warning device (EWD)?

At least 10 meters behind the vehicle on a highway (Correct answer)
At least 4 meters behind the vehicle
Directly behind the vehicle
At the nearest intersection only

Correct answer: At least 10 meters behind the vehicle on a highway

On highways, the EWD must be placed at least 10 meters behind the stalled vehicle to give approaching drivers sufficient time and distance to slow down safely.

Question 58: A blue rectangular sign with a white arrow pointing upward indicates:

A mandatory direction — you must go straight ahead (Correct answer)
End of a one-way street
Advisory route guidance only
Lane reserved for buses

Correct answer: A mandatory direction — you must go straight ahead

Blue rectangular signs with white arrows give mandatory instructions. An upward-pointing arrow means drivers in that lane must continue straight ahead.

Question 59: How should a courteous driver behave at a roundabout?

Use the horn to signal your intention to enter
Enter at full speed to merge quickly
Stop inside the roundabout to let others enter
Yield to traffic already in the roundabout and enter when there is a safe gap (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Yield to traffic already in the roundabout and enter when there is a safe gap

Vehicles entering a roundabout must yield to those already circulating.

Question 60: When driving through a school zone, which of the following actions is required?

Reduce speed to the posted school zone limit and watch for children (Correct answer)
Maintain the posted highway speed limit
Only slow down if you see children on the road
Honk your horn to warn children

Correct answer: Reduce speed to the posted school zone limit and watch for children

School zones have reduced speed limits that must be observed during posted hours.

TDC - Theoretical Driving Course Exam

The LTO Theoretical Driving Course (TDC) exam is a mandatory 60-item test in the Philippines that assesses knowledge of road safety, traffic signs, driving rules, and vehicle operation required to obtain a Student Driver's Permit.

Questions

60 min

Time Limit

75%

To Pass

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These practice questions were written with AI tools. They are not real exam questions. Exam facts are checked against the official sources listed below. Not reviewed by a subject-matter expert. Editorial policy

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