STP Ethics in Research 2

Question 1

A researcher discovers mid-study that a placebo control group is being harmed by withholding a newly proven effective treatment. What is the ethically required action?

Accepted Answer

Stop the trial and offer the effective treatment to all participants

Answer

The principle of beneficence requires stopping a trial when continuing would harm participants by denying them a proven effective treatment.

Question 2

Which concept refers to the ethical requirement that research risks must be reasonable in relation to anticipated benefits?

Accepted Answer

Risk-benefit analysis

Answer

Risk-benefit analysis is the formal evaluation ensuring that potential harms to participants are justified by the expected scientific or social benefits.

Question 3

A graduate student is listed as an author on a paper but only washed glassware during the project. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Gift authorship

Answer

Gift authorship occurs when authorship credit is given without meeting the substantive intellectual contribution criteria established by bodies like ICMJE.

Question 4

Under the Common Rule (45 CFR 46), which category of research qualifies for exemption from full IRB review?

Accepted Answer

Anonymous surveys about sensitive personal behaviors

Answer

Anonymous surveys posing no more than minimal risk typically qualify for exemption under the Common Rule categories.

Question 5

The Tuskegee Syphilis Study is most directly cited as the catalyst for which regulatory development?

Accepted Answer

The National Research Act and Belmont Report

Answer

Public outrage over Tuskegee directly led to the National Research Act of 1974 and ultimately the Belmont Report outlining ethical principles for human research.

(STP) Scientist Training Programme Practice Test

(STP) Scientist Training Programme Practice Test

STP Ethics in Research 2