Sports and Fitness Exercise Science & Training Methods Flashcards
6 cards from real Sports and Fitness practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
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What is the primary benefit of periodization in a long-term training program?
Answer: Systematically varying training variables to maximize adaptation and peak performance at planned times
Periodization involves systematic variation of training volume, intensity, and type over planned cycles to optimize adaptation, prevent overtraining, and peak performance at key events.
What does 'EPOC' (Excess Post-exercise Oxygen Consumption) describe?
Answer: Elevated oxygen consumption that continues after exercise to restore the body to its pre-exercise state
EPOC refers to the elevated rate of oxygen consumption that persists after intense exercise as the body works to restore metabolic equilibrium, replenish energy stores, and repair tissue.
Which training method involves alternating between high-intensity efforts and recovery periods to improve both aerobic and anaerobic capacity?
Answer: High-intensity interval training (HIIT)
HIIT alternates short bursts of near-maximal effort with recovery intervals, stimulating adaptations in both aerobic and anaerobic energy systems more efficiently than steady-state training.
What is the 'specificity principle' in exercise science?
Answer: Adaptations from training are specific to the muscles, movements, and energy systems trained
The specificity principle states that physiological adaptations are specific to the type, intensity, and muscles involved in training, meaning athletes must train movements and systems relevant to their sport.
What does the Borg Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE) scale measure?
Answer: An individual's subjective sense of exercise effort or intensity
The Borg RPE scale captures an individual's subjective perception of how hard they are working, providing a practical and validated tool for monitoring exercise intensity.
Which type of muscle contraction occurs when the muscle produces force while lengthening, such as lowering a dumbbell slowly?
Answer: Eccentric contraction
Eccentric contractions occur when a muscle generates force while lengthening, as seen when lowering a weight under control; they produce the most mechanical tension and muscle damage.
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