Student Learning and Development Flashcards

A student who can explain their own thinking process while solving a problem is demonstrating:

Answer: Metacognition

Metacognition is thinking about one's own thinking, allowing learners to monitor and regulate their cognitive processes.

According to Maslow's hierarchy, which need must generally be satisfied before a student can effectively focus on learning?

Answer: Safety and physiological needs

Maslow's hierarchy places physiological and safety needs at the base; these must be met before higher-level needs like learning become motivating.

The 'worked example effect' in cognitive load theory suggests that novice learners benefit most from:

Answer: Studying fully solved examples before attempting problems

Worked examples reduce extraneous cognitive load for novices by providing a clear solution path to study before independent practice.

Which of the following best describes a student with dyslexia?

Answer: Challenges with phonological processing affecting reading and spelling

Dyslexia is primarily a phonological processing disorder that makes it difficult to map sounds to letters, impacting reading and spelling.

Self-regulated learning involves students who can:

Answer: Set goals, monitor progress, and adjust strategies independently

Self-regulated learners proactively manage their own cognition, motivation, and behavior toward academic goals.

Observational learning, as described by Albert Bandura, occurs when a student learns by:

Answer: Watching and imitating the behavior of others

Bandura's social learning theory shows that behavior can be acquired by observing models, without direct reinforcement.

Which assessment practice best supports equitable evaluation of diverse learners?

Answer: Offering multiple means of demonstrating mastery

Universal Design for Learning (UDL) recommends multiple means of expression so students can show what they know in ways that suit their strengths.