Student Learning and Development Flashcards

Howard Gardner's Theory of Multiple Intelligences argues that intelligence is:

Answer: Composed of several distinct ability domains

Gardner proposed at least eight distinct intelligences (e.g., linguistic, logical-mathematical, musical) rather than one general factor.

Which brain structure is most critically involved in forming new long-term memories?

Answer: Hippocampus

The hippocampus plays a central role in converting short-term memories into long-term storage through a process called consolidation.

A student who regularly reviews her notes by testing herself rather than re-reading demonstrates use of:

Answer: The retrieval practice effect

Retrieval practice (the 'testing effect') shows that actively recalling information strengthens memory more than passive review.

Kohlberg's post-conventional level of moral reasoning is characterized by:

Answer: Upholding abstract principles even if they conflict with laws

At the post-conventional level, individuals reason based on universal ethical principles rather than rules or social approval.

Which concept explains why students often learn better in small, interleaved study sessions rather than one long session?

Answer: The spacing effect

The spacing effect demonstrates that distributing practice over time leads to stronger, more durable learning than massed practice.

Attachment theory, primarily developed by John Bowlby, focuses on:

Answer: The emotional bond between child and caregiver

Bowlby proposed that early emotional bonds with caregivers form an internal working model that influences relationships throughout life.

Which instructional strategy is most aligned with constructivist learning theory?

Answer: Project-based learning with real-world problems

Constructivism holds that learners build understanding through active engagement; project-based learning provides authentic problem-solving experiences.