SCS Anatomy & Biomechanics 1 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: The rotator cuff is composed of which four muscles?
- Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis (Correct answer)
- Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres major, subscapularis
- Supraspinatus, deltoid, teres minor, subscapularis
- Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, biceps brachii
Correct answer: Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis
The rotator cuff consists of supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, and subscapularis, remembered by the SITS acronym.
Question 2: Which ligament primarily prevents anterior tibial translation relative to the femur?
- Posterior cruciate ligament
- Medial collateral ligament
- Anterior cruciate ligament (Correct answer)
- Lateral collateral ligament
Correct answer: Anterior cruciate ligament
The ACL is the primary restraint against anterior tibial translation and also limits internal tibial rotation.
Question 3: The Q-angle is measured using which anatomical landmarks?
- ASIS to center of patella to tibial tuberosity (Correct answer)
- Greater trochanter to center of patella to tibial tuberosity
- PSIS to center of patella to tibial tuberosity
- ASIS to lateral femoral condyle to fibular head
Correct answer: ASIS to center of patella to tibial tuberosity
The Q-angle is formed by lines from the ASIS to the patellar center and from the tibial tuberosity to the patellar center.
Question 4: During normal walking gait, the center of mass follows which movement pattern?
- A straight horizontal line
- A figure-eight pattern
- A sinusoidal path in both vertical and lateral planes (Correct answer)
- A circular arc pattern
Correct answer: A sinusoidal path in both vertical and lateral planes
The center of mass oscillates both vertically and laterally during walking, tracing a sinusoidal path in each plane.
Question 5: Which structure provides the primary static restraint against inferior glenohumeral translation with the arm at the side?
- Supraspinatus muscle
- Superior glenohumeral ligament (Correct answer)
- Coracohumeral ligament
- Long head of the biceps tendon
Correct answer: Superior glenohumeral ligament
The superior glenohumeral ligament (SGHL) is the primary static stabilizer resisting inferior translation of the humeral head when the arm is adducted.
Question 6: The iliotibial band (ITB) originates primarily from which structure(s)?
- Iliac crest and tensor fasciae latae (Correct answer)
- Greater trochanter of the femur
- Gluteus maximus alone
- Anterior superior iliac spine alone
Correct answer: Iliac crest and tensor fasciae latae
The ITB originates from the iliac crest and the tensor fasciae latae, with additional contributions from the gluteus maximus.
Question 7: Open kinetic chain (OKC) knee exercises differ from closed kinetic chain (CKC) exercises primarily because in OKC exercises:
- The distal segment is fixed to a surface
- The distal segment is free to move (Correct answer)
- The exercises are always weight-bearing
- More muscle groups are always recruited
Correct answer: The distal segment is free to move
In OKC exercises, the distal segment (foot) is free to move, whereas in CKC exercises the foot is fixed and proximal segments move.
SCS Anatomy & Biomechanics 1
The rotator cuff is composed of which four muscles?