Pharmacology Flashcards
7 cards from real SAUDI PROMETRIC NURSING practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Pharmacology flashcards as text
Which mechanism explains why proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are more effective than H2 blockers in treating GERD?
Answer: PPIs irreversibly block the final step of acid secretion
PPIs irreversibly inhibit the H+/K+-ATPase pump (the final common pathway), suppressing acid from all stimuli more completely than H2 blockers.
A nurse is preparing to give IV potassium chloride. Which action is most important?
Answer: Dilute and infuse at no more than 10–20 mEq/hour
Rapid IV potassium administration causes fatal cardiac arrhythmias; it must always be diluted and infused slowly (≤10–20 mEq/hr peripherally).
Which drug used in the treatment of opioid use disorder acts as a partial agonist at mu-opioid receptors?
Answer: Buprenorphine
Buprenorphine is a partial mu-opioid agonist with a ceiling effect, reducing cravings and withdrawal while limiting overdose risk.
A patient on lithium therapy has a serum lithium level of 2.5 mEq/L. The nurse anticipates which clinical finding?
Answer: Coarse tremor, confusion, and seizures
A lithium level >2.0 mEq/L indicates severe toxicity, presenting with coarse tremors, confusion, seizures, and cardiovascular collapse.
Which antibiotic class is associated with photosensitivity and should be accompanied by sun-avoidance counseling?
Answer: Tetracyclines
Tetracyclines (e.g., doxycycline) cause photosensitivity reactions; patients must avoid prolonged sun exposure and use sunscreen.
A nurse is about to administer a new medication and notes it has a 'first-pass effect.' This means the drug:
Answer: Is significantly metabolized by the liver before reaching systemic circulation
First-pass (hepatic) metabolism occurs when orally absorbed drugs are substantially broken down in the liver before entering systemic circulation, reducing bioavailability.
Which medication used to treat hypertension is classified as a calcium channel blocker and primarily affects cardiac conduction?
Answer: Verapamil
Verapamil is a non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker that slows SA node automaticity and AV conduction, making it useful for rate control.
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