Pharmacology Flashcards
7 cards from real SAUDI PROMETRIC NURSING practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Pharmacology flashcards as text
A patient receiving aminoglycoside therapy should be monitored most closely for which adverse effects?
Answer: Nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity
Aminoglycosides accumulate in renal tubular cells and cochlear hair cells, causing nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity as primary adverse effects.
Which antidote is administered for acetaminophen (paracetamol) overdose?
Answer: N-acetylcysteine
N-acetylcysteine replenishes glutathione stores, preventing toxic accumulation of NAPQI that causes hepatic necrosis.
A nurse is teaching a patient about metformin. Which condition is an absolute contraindication?
Answer: Renal impairment (eGFR < 30 mL/min)
Severe renal impairment causes metformin accumulation, dramatically increasing risk of life-threatening lactic acidosis.
Which beta-blocker property makes carvedilol different from metoprolol?
Answer: Carvedilol also blocks alpha-1 receptors
Carvedilol is a non-selective beta-blocker with additional alpha-1 blocking activity, providing vasodilation along with beta blockade.
A patient is started on isoniazid (INH) for tuberculosis. Which vitamin supplement should be co-administered to prevent peripheral neuropathy?
Answer: Pyridoxine (Vitamin B6)
INH interferes with pyridoxine metabolism; B6 supplementation prevents the peripheral neuropathy caused by this drug-induced deficiency.
Which of the following medications requires a peak and trough level to be drawn to monitor therapeutic efficacy and toxicity?
Answer: Gentamicin
Gentamicin (an aminoglycoside) has a narrow therapeutic index; peak levels assess efficacy and trough levels prevent nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity.
A patient on digoxin reports seeing yellow-green halos around lights. The nurse's priority action is to:
Answer: Check serum potassium and digoxin levels immediately
Visual disturbances (yellow-green halos) are a classic sign of digoxin toxicity; serum digoxin and electrolyte levels must be checked immediately.
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