Saudi Prometric Nursing Maternal and Child Health 3 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: A neonate born at 34 weeks gestation is at highest risk for which complication related to surfactant deficiency?
- Meconium aspiration syndrome
- Respiratory distress syndrome (Correct answer)
- Bronchopulmonary dysplasia
- Transient tachypnea of the newborn
Correct answer: Respiratory distress syndrome
Surfactant deficiency in preterm infants leads to alveolar collapse and respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), most common in infants born before 36 weeks.
Question 2: A woman at 28 weeks gestation presents with painless bright red vaginal bleeding. Which condition should be suspected first?
- Abruptio placentae
- Placenta previa (Correct answer)
- Vasa previa
- Cervical polyp
Correct answer: Placenta previa
Painless bright red bleeding in the second or third trimester is the classic presentation of placenta previa, where the placenta covers the cervical os.
Question 3: Which immunization is contraindicated during pregnancy?
- Influenza (inactivated)
- Tetanus toxoid
- MMR (measles, mumps, rubella) (Correct answer)
- Hepatitis B
Correct answer: MMR (measles, mumps, rubella)
MMR is a live attenuated vaccine and is contraindicated during pregnancy due to the theoretical risk of fetal infection.
Question 4: A 3-year-old child is brought in with a barking cough, inspiratory stridor, and low-grade fever. Which condition is most likely?
- Epiglottitis
- Bronchiolitis
- Croup (laryngotracheobronchitis) (Correct answer)
- Foreign body aspiration
Correct answer: Croup (laryngotracheobronchitis)
The classic triad of barking cough, inspiratory stridor, and low-grade fever in a toddler is characteristic of croup, caused most often by parainfluenza virus.
Question 5: According to WHO, the recommended duration of exclusive breastfeeding is:
- 3 months
- 4 months
- 6 months (Correct answer)
- 12 months
Correct answer: 6 months
WHO recommends exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months of life to achieve optimal growth, development, and health.
Question 6: A postpartum woman on day 3 develops a temperature of 38.5°C with uterine tenderness and foul-smelling lochia. The priority nursing action is to:
- Apply a warm compress to the abdomen
- Encourage fluid intake and rest
- Notify the physician and administer prescribed antibiotics (Correct answer)
- Obtain a urinalysis before taking any action
Correct answer: Notify the physician and administer prescribed antibiotics
Signs of endometritis (fever, uterine tenderness, foul lochia) require prompt notification of the physician and initiation of antibiotic therapy to prevent sepsis.
Question 7: When assessing a newborn using the Ballard Score, the nurse is evaluating:
- Respiratory adaptation to extrauterine life
- Gestational age maturity (Correct answer)
- Risk of neonatal hypoglycemia
- Apgar score components
Correct answer: Gestational age maturity
The Ballard Score assesses gestational maturity through neuromuscular and physical maturity criteria to estimate a newborn's gestational age.
Saudi Prometric Nursing Maternal and Child Health 3
A neonate born at 34 weeks gestation is at highest risk for which complication related to surfactant deficiency?