RPSGT Sleep Disorders & Pathophysiology Flashcards

Which sleep-related breathing disorder involves cessation of both airflow and respiratory effort?

Answer: Central sleep apnea

Central sleep apnea is defined by cessation of both airflow and respiratory effort, as the brain fails to send signals to the breathing muscles.

Kleine-Levin syndrome is best described as:

Answer: A recurrent hypersomnia with behavioral changes

Kleine-Levin syndrome is a rare disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of hypersomnia accompanied by cognitive, behavioral, and autonomic disturbances.

The Multiple Sleep Latency Test (MSLT) is primarily used to diagnose:

Answer: Narcolepsy and idiopathic hypersomnia

The MSLT objectively measures daytime sleepiness and detects sleep-onset REM periods (SOREMPs), which are diagnostic criteria for narcolepsy.

Confusional arousals, sleepwalking, and sleep terrors are all classified as:

Answer: NREM parasomnias

These are all disorders of arousal from NREM sleep, classified as NREM parasomnias, and typically arise from slow-wave sleep in the first third of the night.

Which finding is required to score a hypopnea per AASM recommended (not acceptable) criteria?

Answer: ≥30% reduction in airflow with ≥3% oxygen desaturation or arousal

The AASM recommended hypopnea rule requires ≥30% airflow reduction for ≥10 seconds with ≥3% oxygen desaturation or EEG arousal.

Advanced sleep-wake phase disorder (ASWPD) is characterized by:

Answer: Persistently early sleep onset and early morning awakening

ASWPD is a circadian rhythm disorder where the sleep period is phase-advanced, causing early evening sleep onset and very early morning awakening.