RNC-NIC Congenital Anomalies 2

Question 1

A neonate is born with omphalocele. Which associated anomaly must the nurse prioritize assessing for immediately after birth?

Accepted Answer

Congenital heart defects

Answer

Omphalocele is strongly associated with cardiac defects, occurring in up to 30-50% of cases, requiring urgent cardiac evaluation.

Question 2

A neonate with gastroschisis is being stabilized. Which intervention is the HIGHEST priority to prevent complications?

Accepted Answer

Cover bowel with warm saline-moistened gauze and plastic wrap

Answer

Covering the exposed bowel with warm saline gauze and plastic wrap prevents heat and fluid loss, the most immediate life-threatening concerns.

Question 3

Which finding BEST distinguishes gastroschisis from omphalocele on physical examination?

Accepted Answer

Gastroschisis has no peritoneal sac covering the herniated organs

Answer

Gastroschisis involves herniation of abdominal contents without a peritoneal sac, while omphalocele is covered by a sac.

Question 4

A neonate diagnosed with tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) type C (EA with distal TEF) is at highest risk for which complication prior to surgical repair?

Accepted Answer

Aspiration pneumonia from gastric contents refluxing into the lungs

Answer

In type C TEF, the distal fistula allows gastric acid to reflux into the lungs, causing aspiration pneumonia if not managed promptly.

Question 5

A nurse caring for a neonate with myelomeningocele notes latex beads in the supply room. What is the priority action?

Accepted Answer

Remove all latex products and implement latex-free precautions immediately

Answer

Neonates with myelomeningocele are at high risk for latex allergy sensitization and must have latex-free environments from birth.

(RNC-NIC) Registered Nurse Certified in Neonatal Intensive Care Practice Test

(RNC-NIC) Registered Nurse Certified in Neonatal Intensive Care Practice Test

RNC-NIC Congenital Anomalies 2