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Nutrition Management Flashcards

7 cards from real RNC-NIC practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

Read the first 7 Nutrition Management flashcards as text

  1. An ELBW infant on TPN develops cholestatic jaundice (PN-associated cholestasis). Which strategy has the strongest evidence for prevention?

    Answer: Advancing enteral feeds as early as possible

    Early and progressive enteral feeding stimulates bile flow and reduces hepatic exposure to PN components, which is the most effective prevention strategy for PN-associated cholestasis.

  2. In a neonate with hypocalcemia receiving calcium gluconate IV, which precaution is most important?

    Answer: Ensure IV patency and monitor for bradycardia during infusion

    Calcium gluconate must be infused slowly with continuous cardiac monitoring because rapid administration can cause life-threatening bradycardia or arrhythmia.

  3. A 27-week infant requires iron supplementation. When should enteral iron typically be initiated?

    Answer: At 4–6 weeks of age or when tolerating full enteral feeds

    Enteral iron supplementation is typically initiated at 4–6 weeks of age or when the preterm infant is tolerating full enteral feeds to support erythropoiesis.

  4. Which type of lipid emulsion is preferred in neonates to reduce the risk of PN-associated liver disease (PNALD)?

    Answer: Fish oil-based (Omegaven) or mixed lipid (SMOF) emulsion

    Fish oil-based or mixed lipid emulsions (SMOF) reduce phytosterol burden and provide anti-inflammatory omega-3 fatty acids, lowering PNALD risk compared to pure soybean oil.

  5. A term infant with phenylketonuria (PKU) requires a special diet. Which feeding regimen is correct?

    Answer: Combination of limited breast milk and phenylalanine-free formula to meet but not exceed phenylalanine needs

    PKU management requires strict phenylalanine restriction using a metabolic formula while allowing limited natural protein (including breast milk) to meet essential but controlled phenylalanine needs.

  6. What is the primary reason that preterm human milk is preferred over term donor human milk for VLBW infants in the first weeks of life?

    Answer: Preterm milk has higher protein and energy content matching preterm needs

    Preterm mothers' own milk naturally contains higher protein, fat, and energy levels during the first weeks, better matching the elevated nutritional requirements of VLBW infants.

  7. A nurse calculates that a 1,200 g preterm infant is receiving 85 kcal/kg/day. Which clinical concern does this raise?

    Answer: Insufficient calories to support growth and neurodevelopment

    Preterm infants require 110–135 kcal/kg/day for adequate growth; 85 kcal/kg/day is insufficient and will lead to growth failure and suboptimal neurodevelopment.