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Infection Control Flashcards

7 cards from real RNC-NIC practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

Read the first 7 Infection Control flashcards as text

  1. Which of the following practices is MOST effective in preventing ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in intubated neonates?

    Answer: Elevating the head of bed to 30-45 degrees and maintaining inline suctioning

    Head-of-bed elevation reduces aspiration risk and is a core VAP bundle element; inline closed suctioning prevents circuit contamination.

  2. A NICU nurse is caring for a neonate with confirmed RSV (respiratory syncytial virus). Which isolation precaution category should be implemented IN ADDITION to Standard Precautions?

    Answer: Both Contact and Droplet Precautions

    RSV spreads via large respiratory droplets and direct contact, requiring both Contact and Droplet Precautions in addition to Standard Precautions.

  3. Which clinical finding would MOST strongly support a diagnosis of early-onset sepsis (EOS) in a term neonate within 24 hours of birth?

    Answer: Respiratory rate of 65 breaths/min with grunting and poor feeding

    Respiratory distress combined with grunting and poor feeding in a term neonate within 24 hours of birth are classic early signs of EOS requiring immediate evaluation.

  4. When performing umbilical catheter care in the NICU, which practice BEST reduces infection risk at the insertion site?

    Answer: Use sterile technique during insertion and keep the site clean and dry without routine antibiotic ointment

    Sterile technique at insertion and keeping the site clean without routine antibiotic ointment (which promotes resistant organisms) is the evidence-based standard for UAC/UVC care.

  5. A NICU nurse receives a neonate from labor and delivery whose mother had prolonged rupture of membranes (PROM) for 22 hours. What infection risk assessment finding is MOST significant?

    Answer: Maternal fever greater than 38°C (100.4°F) during labor

    Maternal intrapartum fever combined with PROM significantly increases the risk of chorioamnionitis and neonatal EOS, requiring immediate sepsis evaluation.

  6. Which of the following is a key advantage of using human breast milk (HBM) over formula in preterm neonates from an infection control perspective?

    Answer: HBM contains immunoglobulins and lactoferrin that reduce the risk of NEC and sepsis

    Breast milk provides passive immunity through IgA, lactoferrin, and other bioactive components that significantly reduce rates of NEC and late-onset sepsis in preterm neonates.

  7. A visitor with an active cold sore (herpes labialis) wants to visit their neonate in the NICU. What is the APPROPRIATE nursing response?

    Answer: Restrict direct contact with the neonate and educate the visitor to return when the lesion has healed

    Active herpes simplex virus (HSV) oral lesions pose a life-threatening risk to neonates; visitors with active lesions must be restricted from direct contact until fully healed.