Numerical Reasoning Word Problems Flashcards

A factory produces 1,440 units in an 8-hour shift. If the production rate increases by 25%, how many units will be produced in a 6-hour shift?

Answer: 1,350

New rate = (1,440/8) × 1.25 = 225 units/hr; in 6 hrs = 225 × 6 = 1,350.

A store marks up its wholesale price by 40% to set the retail price. If a jacket retails for $98, what was the wholesale price?

Answer: $70.00

Wholesale × 1.40 = $98, so wholesale = $98 ÷ 1.40 = $70.00.

A tank is 3/5 full. After 140 liters are removed, it is 1/5 full. What is the tank's total capacity?

Answer: 350 liters

3/5 C − 1/5 C = 2/5 C = 140 liters; C = 140 × 5/2 = 350 liters.

An investment of $5,000 earns simple interest at 6% per annum. How much interest is earned over 30 months?

Answer: $750

I = 5,000 × 0.06 × (30/12) = 5,000 × 0.06 × 2.5 = $750.

A company's revenue grew from $2.4M to $3.12M over two years. What was the average annual percentage growth (simple average)?

Answer: 15%

Total growth = ($3.12M − $2.4M) / $2.4M = 30%; simple annual average = 30% ÷ 2 = 15%.

A salesperson earns $2,400/month base plus 5% commission on all sales. If she makes $18,000 in sales, what are her total monthly earnings?

Answer: $3,300

Commission = $18,000 × 0.05 = $900; total = $2,400 + $900 = $3,300.

A 60-question test awards 2 points for each correct answer and deducts 0.5 points for each wrong answer. A student answers all 60 questions and scores 90 points. How many questions did the student answer correctly?

Answer: 48

Let c = correct; 2c − 0.5(60−c) = 90 → 2c − 30 + 0.5c = 90 → 2.5c = 120 → c = 48.