Registered Dietetic Technician Test Nutrition Therapy & Medical Nutrition Flashcards

Which enteral formula type is most appropriate for a patient with glucose intolerance or diabetes?

Answer: Carbohydrate-modified formula

Carbohydrate-modified enteral formulas contain lower carbohydrate content and higher fat to better manage blood glucose levels in diabetic patients.

A patient with end-stage renal disease on dialysis requires which dietary modification?

Answer: Low potassium, low phosphorus

Dialysis patients typically need to restrict potassium and phosphorus to prevent dangerous electrolyte imbalances.

What is the recommended protein intake (g/kg/day) for a critically ill patient requiring nutrition support?

Answer: 1.2–2.0

Critical illness increases catabolism, and guidelines recommend 1.2–2.0 g/kg/day of protein to preserve lean body mass.

Which vitamin deficiency is most commonly associated with prolonged parenteral nutrition without supplementation?

Answer: Vitamin K

Vitamin K is not routinely included in standard parenteral nutrition admixtures, making deficiency a common concern.

Refeeding syndrome is most closely associated with a rapid drop in which electrolyte?

Answer: Phosphorus

When carbohydrates are reintroduced to a malnourished patient, insulin secretion drives phosphorus into cells, causing dangerous hypophosphatemia.

A patient with celiac disease must strictly avoid which protein?

Answer: Gluten

Celiac disease is an autoimmune condition triggered by gluten, a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye.