Registered Dietetic Technician Test Nutrition Therapy & Medical Nutrition Flashcards

For a patient with hepatic encephalopathy, which dietary modification is most evidence-based?

Answer: Provide adequate protein with small frequent meals

Current evidence supports adequate protein (1.2–1.5 g/kg/day) in small frequent meals rather than severe restriction for hepatic encephalopathy.

Which vitamin supplementation is routinely recommended for patients receiving isoniazid (INH) therapy?

Answer: Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine)

Isoniazid interferes with pyridoxine metabolism, and vitamin B6 supplementation prevents peripheral neuropathy in patients on INH.

A patient with short bowel syndrome is most likely to need supplementation of which nutrient due to impaired terminal ileum absorption?

Answer: Vitamin B12

The terminal ileum is the specific absorption site for vitamin B12, and its removal or dysfunction leads to B12 deficiency.

Which formula osmolality classification best describes a standard polymeric enteral formula?

Answer: Iso-osmolar (280–350 mOsm/kg)

Standard polymeric enteral formulas are typically iso-osmolar, making them well-tolerated and appropriate for most patients.

What is the primary goal of medical nutrition therapy (MNT) in a patient with type 2 diabetes?

Answer: Achieve and maintain blood glucose goals while meeting nutritional needs

MNT for type 2 diabetes focuses on individualized eating plans that optimize blood glucose control while meeting overall nutritional requirements.

Which assessment tool specifically screens for malnutrition risk in hospitalized adult patients?

Answer: Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS-2002)

The NRS-2002 is a validated malnutrition screening tool recommended by ESPEN for use in hospitalized adult patients.