Registered Dietetic Technician Test Food Science & Dietary Planning Flashcards

Which fatty acid type is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease and is found in partially hydrogenated oils?

Answer: Trans fatty acids

Trans fatty acids from partial hydrogenation raise LDL and lower HDL cholesterol, significantly increasing cardiovascular disease risk.

A therapeutic diet that limits purine-rich foods is prescribed to manage which condition?

Answer: Gout

Purines are metabolized to uric acid, and a low-purine diet helps reduce uric acid levels and prevent gout flares.

Which dietary pattern has the strongest evidence base for reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease?

Answer: Mediterranean diet

The Mediterranean diet, rich in olive oil, fish, vegetables, and whole grains, has the strongest evidence for reducing cardiovascular disease risk.

What is the primary function of the dietary reference intake (DRI) Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL)?

Answer: Indicate the highest level of nutrient intake unlikely to cause adverse health effects

The UL is the maximum daily intake that is unlikely to cause adverse health effects in almost all individuals in the general population.

Which type of vegetarian diet excludes all animal products including dairy and eggs?

Answer: Vegan

A vegan diet excludes all animal-derived products including meat, poultry, fish, dairy, eggs, and often honey.

Which mineral is critical for bone mineralization and works synergistically with vitamin D for calcium absorption?

Answer: Phosphorus

Phosphorus is a major structural component of bone alongside calcium, and both nutrients work together in bone mineralization.