Registered Dietetic Technician Test Registered Dietetic Technician Test Nutrition Therapy & Medical Nutrition 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which nutrient is specifically restricted in patients with phenylketonuria (PKU)?
- Tyrosine
- Phenylalanine (Correct answer)
- Methionine
- Leucine
Correct answer: Phenylalanine
PKU is an inborn error of metabolism where the enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase is deficient, requiring strict phenylalanine restriction.
Question 2: The Mifflin-St Jeor equation is used to calculate which nutritional value?
- Ideal body weight
- Resting metabolic rate (Correct answer)
- Body mass index
- Nitrogen balance
Correct answer: Resting metabolic rate
The Mifflin-St Jeor equation estimates resting metabolic rate (RMR) based on height, weight, age, and sex.
Question 3: Which oral supplement is first-line for a patient with iron deficiency anemia who can tolerate oral feeding?
- Iron dextran IV
- Ferrous sulfate oral (Correct answer)
- Ferric gluconate IV
- Parenteral iron sucrose
Correct answer: Ferrous sulfate oral
Ferrous sulfate taken orally is the standard first-line treatment for iron deficiency anemia in patients who can tolerate oral intake.
Question 4: A patient post-gastric bypass surgery is at highest risk for deficiency in which nutrient?
- Vitamin C
- Vitamin B12 (Correct answer)
- Niacin
- Vitamin E
Correct answer: Vitamin B12
Gastric bypass reduces intrinsic factor production and bypasses the stomach, significantly impairing vitamin B12 absorption.
Question 5: Which condition indicates the need for a fluid restriction in a hospitalized patient?
- Fever
- Congestive heart failure (Correct answer)
- Diarrhea
- Burns
Correct answer: Congestive heart failure
Congestive heart failure impairs the heart's ability to manage fluid volume, requiring restriction to prevent fluid overload and edema.
Question 6: What does a negative nitrogen balance indicate in a patient's nutritional status?
- Anabolism
- Adequate protein intake
- Catabolism exceeding protein intake (Correct answer)
- Overfeeding
Correct answer: Catabolism exceeding protein intake
Negative nitrogen balance occurs when protein breakdown (catabolism) exceeds intake, indicating inadequate protein or increased metabolic stress.
Registered Dietetic Technician Test Registered Dietetic Technician Test Nutrition Therapy & Medical Nutrition 2
Which nutrient is specifically restricted in patients with phenylketonuria (PKU)?